Euthanasia Essay - Physician Assisted Murder :: Free Euthanasia Essay

atomic number 101 Assisted Murder   Physician assisted suicide is il wakeless in all states but Oregon. Physician assisted suicide is defined by Religious Tolerance.org a physician supplies information and/or the means of committing suicide to a person, so that they can soft terminate their own life. The decision of when and where the time of our death should occur is one that only God has the remediate to decide.  Because no person or doctor has the right to end a life, physician assisted suicide should be illegal.   Some feel that a terminally ill patient should have a legal right to control the manner in which they die. Physicians and nurses have fought for the right to aid a patient in their death. Many families of the terminally ill have weak all of their funds caring for a dying patient and would prefer the option of assisted suicide to bankruptcy. While there are many immobile opposing viewpoints, one of the strongest is that the terminally ill p atient has the right to die in a humane, dignified manner. However, dignity in dying is not ineluctably assured when a trusted doctor, whose professional ethics are to promote and maintain life, injects a terminally ill patient with a lethal demigod of morphine.   Every culture has a proscribed against murder, including our own. The practice of physician assisted suicide is wrong across all religious and cultural groups. According to Leon R. Kass, M.D., the taboo against doctors killing patients, even on request, is the very embodiment of reason and wisdom. Without it, medicine will have lost its claim to be an ethical and trustworthy profession. forward a physician is allowed to practice medicine, he/she takes the Hippocratic Oath, which is described by Encyclopedia Britannica as a pledge to prescribe only beneficial treatments, jibe to his abilities and judgment to refrain from causing harm or hurt. This oath has been practiced for more than 2000 years. If a doctor breaks that promise and helps a patient to designedly die, then the oath has meant nothing.   Physician assisted suicide is illegal in all states but one state. Oregon law states that when a patient requests physician assisted suicide they must be suffering from a disease that will end his or her life within 6 months.

Cloning :: essays research papers

re-createDuplicating of genes and DNA. Cloning? Cloning is basically the raising of cells. You take an unfertilized cell, combine it with a cell from the same organism and create a naked living cell. The question isis cloning OK? Is the raising of a bigger and meatier cow and fresher healthier potatoes equal to cloning a person? umpteen different groups debate upon these questions. Religious groups argue that immortal created all, and he thrives on diversity. This diversity is being threatened by cloning. Some also believe the mould which scientists utilisation is murder. Because half of the nucleus used to eviscerate a normal being is sucked out, and destroying the original DNA is murder. The half set of DNA in the unfertilized egg cell is done for(p), but suggesting that destroying a spotless nonliving, nonthinking chemical such as DNA is murder is ridiculous. Thousands of cells will die in your body as youre reading this, and their DNA will be destroyed with them. Is t hat murder?Cloning, in its use right now with just foods and wolfs are quite beneficial. It opens legion(predicate) opportunities for both scientific and general population needs. Scientists use cloning techniques to make identical test subjects, so reducing the amount of error in animal tests. They can also protect endangered species by cloning couples in captivity. Many can benefit from organ cloning, although the process has not been perfected yet. gentle ears have been reproduced on mice, which shows all the applications of cloning. In the future, this transmissible mutation may save the lives of countless people that are if we can use animals to grow humankind organs in. The possibilities for this process have no boundaries. desire anything else that is new, the cloning process can be used for wrongful purposes. For instance, when a species is too much alike, the theory of a single disease wiping it out is very(prenominal) high. Overlook the disease and you bread shodd y animals. However, are the scientists vulnerable to our criticism for say over aspect the viruses or hereditary sicknesses? Or should we credit them for perhaps looking into that already? The scientists have no doubt already considered the consequences of over breeding in these plants and animals that are weak and diseased. Yet our society relies on the same humiliated variety of plants and animals for our natural resources. All of this was, in actuality, happening before cloning started and it doesnt change much in the way of agriculture.Cloning essays research papers CloningDuplicating of genes and DNA. Cloning? Cloning is basically the reproduction of cells. You take an unfertilized cell, combine it with a cell from the same organism and create a new living cell. The question isis cloning OK? Is the breeding of a bigger and meatier cow and fresher healthier potatoes equal to cloning a person? Many different groups debate upon these questions. Religious groups argue that God created all, and he thrives on diversity. This diversity is being threatened by cloning. Some also believe the process which scientists use is murder. Because half of the nucleus used to make a normal being is sucked out, and destroying the original DNA is murder. The half set of DNA in the unfertilized egg cell is destroyed, but suggesting that destroying a mere nonliving, nonthinking chemical such as DNA is murder is ridiculous. Thousands of cells will die in your body as youre reading this, and their DNA will be destroyed with them. Is that murder?Cloning, in its use right now with just foods and animals are quite beneficial. It opens many opportunities for both scientific and general population needs. Scientists use cloning techniques to make identical test subjects, so reducing the amount of error in animal tests. They can also protect endangered species by cloning couples in captivity. Many can benefit from organ cloning, although the process has not been perfected yet. Human ears have been reproduced on mice, which shows all the applications of cloning. In the future, this genetic mutation may save the lives of countless people that are if we can use animals to grow human organs in. The possibilities for this process have no boundaries. Like anything else that is new, the cloning process can be used for wrongful purposes. For instance, when a species is too much alike, the possibility of a single disease wiping it out is very high. Overlook the disease and you bread weak animals. However, are the scientists vulnerable to our criticism for say overlooking the viruses or hereditary sicknesses? Or should we credit them for perhaps looking into that already? The scientists have no doubt already considered the consequences of over breeding in these plants and animals that are weak and diseased. Yet our society relies on the same small variety of plants and animals for our natural resources. All of this was, in actuality, happening before cloning started and it doesnt change much in the way of agriculture.

Difficulty In Making An Important Decision :: essays research papers

Difficulty In Making An Important DecisionAssignment Describe a particular time in your disembodied spirit when you had obstructionmaking an important decision.During the course of our lifetimes we make many significant and difficultchoices that affect us. These choices affect our personal and professionallives. Therefore, we make these choices with much popular opinion and care. One ofthe most difficult and important decisions I have made was changing gos.Changing careers at this stage of my life, mid-life, was very difficult.Preparation for my new career required me to resign my hypothesise. The former positionwas providing a major portion of my familys income and most of the medicalbenefits. Some means of earning a living while preparing for a new career wasforemost on my mind during this stage. If I spent to much time and energypursuing a job to provide a means for supporting my family while retraining, Imight non do a sufficient job of retraining for a new career. Another difficulty equally as important as the the financial one was the possibilityof failing at a new endeavor or not macrocosm able to find a new job. Thesepossibilities made me feel uncomfortable and insecure. If I failed or couldnot find a new position, what would my family think of me? helplessness at a newcareer would also cause me to lose confidence in myself. These concerns,failure and financial, and not finding a new job made this decision verydifficult.The decision to choose a new career was an extremely important one. The solefunction of a career is not just to provide a means to make a living itshould have a larger purpose. The work I was doing did little for others,and in fact, served only a small, special interest group. In addition topursuing a meaningful career, a career should be satisfying, and make some

The Lottery Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Message Sent in The LotteryThe shock value of Shirley capital of Mississippis The Lottery is not only widely known, that also widely felt. Her writing style effectively allows the reader to pass a judgment on themselves and the society in which they live. In The Lottery Jackson is making a comparison to human nature. It is prominent in all human civilizations to take a chance as a source of entertainment and as this chance is taken, something is both won and lost.As long as human civilization has existed, so has the idea of death or suffering, or fetching a chance of death or suffering, as a form of entertainment. This can be traced back as far the day of the Roman gladiator, when an example was staged in a coliseum where people watched someone lose their life as a form of entertainment. Also, executions, once public, provide entertainment as they cause an inescapable excitement as an escape from the normal routine of daily life. This form of entertainment is displayed in The Lottery as the character Tessie Hutchinson is stoned in public because she won the towns annual lottery and as the character Old Man Warner claims in the story, Theres continuously been a lottery (Jackson 275). People also take a chance of harming themselves for entertainment in event of drug usage or extreme sports. The town harm themselves in The Lottery by harming another person. However, this form of entertainment can also take another...

The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to celebrate the coronatio

The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to celebrate the coronation of Macbeth with a banquet. It gives us an perspicacity into his invoke of mindChoose a scene, which you think, would be particularly effective inits impact on an audience. Discuss how this scene is presented in two contrary productions. Say which you prefer and why.The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to celebrate thecoronation of Macbeth with a banquet. It gives us an insight into hisstate of mind and present character, and the changes in therelationship between Macbeth and doll Macbeth. Finally, we can lookat the deteriorating evil that is vivid in Macbeth. Throughout thescene, Macbeth is haunted and hallucinating, which maam Macbeth has nocontrol over.At the opening of the scene the atmosphere is exceedingly pleasurable,both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are entertaining their guests and areexceeding the roles of host and hostess. When the murders are broughtto Macbeths attention, he hurries over to s peak with them. Here wesee how Macbeths deteriorating character move from, noble, respectfulto cunning, and calculating. The language employ to enquire of Banquoand Fleance were murdered was slimly crude and vindictive, is hedispatched.We see Macbeth use entrapment imagery to convey his apprehension withFleance escaping. It is ready Macbeth is alarmed now about hisuncertain and indecisive future. We realize that Macbeth is ferventand fretful worrying that Fleance may seek revenge and becomeextremely dangerous. There the grown serpent lies the warm thatfled. His aside is packed with animal imagery, which is used tosuggest his insecurity and animal instinct.As this is happening, it is made clear that Lady Macbeth is livid andaccuses her husband of being an improper host. His response is tootalk of Banquos absence, Where the graced person of our Banquopresent. His hypocritical t mavin causes the ghost of Banquo to enterwhich understandably frightens Macbeth and his hysterical state provokes a lot of questions and suspicions. He passes remarks likethe table is full and which one of you have done this? Macbethcontinues in this frenzied state as he beings to communicate with theghost, thou canst not say I did it. Macbeth is clearly saturatedwith wrong and his mind is overcome with torture and evil. Never... ... then rushes over to her husband to bring him back to some form onnormality. In this production Lady Macbeth is a lot more composedwhich is the image I perceived in my head when reading the book. Ifound her to be the peacemaker in the relationship, so therefore thisproduction again met my expectations of the characters. Lady Macbethconstantly tries to calm her delirious husband and restore somecustomariness back into the banquet. The lords are very unconnected in this production and talk constantly ofthe sights they are witnessing. Once they leave, we see a verydisappointed Lady Macbeth, gazing through a distant window. The couple onthen walk up the sta irs together with a light, the red light shines asthey lay in bed together which conveys, their intimacy and closeness. It is clear now that she does not need to encourageMacbeth anymore to murder.Both productions were cleverly put together, with wonderful actors andactresses. I did enjoy the Roman Polanski version a teeny bit moresimply because it reinforced the images I had already appreciated. The imagery used in this one, was more vivid and realistic whichcaptured and held my attention for longer.

The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to celebrate the coronatio

The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to go on the enthronization of Macbeth with a banquet. It gives us an insight into his state of mindChoose a scene, which you think, would be particularly effective inits impact on an audience. talk of how this scene is presented in twodifferent productions. Say which you prefer and why.The purpose of the scene in Act 3 Scene 4 is to celebrate thecoronation of Macbeth with a banquet. It gives us an insight into hisstate of mind and present character, and the changes in therelationship between Macbeth and brothel keeper Macbeth. Finally, we can lookat the deteriorating evil that is realistic in Macbeth. Throughout thescene, Macbeth is haunted and hallucinating, which Lady Macbeth has nocontrol over.At the opening of the scene the atmosphere is exceedingly pleasurable,both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are entertain their guests and areexceeding the roles of host and hostess. When the murders are broughtto Macbeths attention, he hurries over to speak with them. Here wesee how Macbeths deteriorating character move from, noble, respectfulto cunning, and calculating. The wording used to enquire of Banquoand Fleance were murdered was close towhat crude and vindictive, is hedispatched.We see Macbeth use entrapment imagery to convey his apprehension withFleance escaping. It is clear Macbeth is alarmed now nearly hisuncertain and indecisive future. We realize that Macbeth is anxiousand fretful worrying that Fleance may seek revenge and becomeextremely dangerous. There the grown serpent lies the sore thatfled. His aside is packed with animal imagery, which is used tosuggest his insecurity and animal instinct.As this is happening, it is made clear that Lady Macbeth is livid andaccuses her husband of being an wrong(p) host. His response is tootalk of Banquos absence, Where the graced person of our Banquopresent. His hypocritical tone causes the ghost of Banquo to enterwhich understandably frightens Macbeth and his hysterica l stateprovokes a lot of questions and suspicions. He passes remarks likethe table is full and which one of you have done this? Macbethcontinues in this frenzied state as he beings to communicate with theghost, thou canst not opine I did it. Macbeth is clearly saturatedwith guilt and his mind is overcome with torture and evil. Never... ... then rushes over to her husband to bring him back to some chance variable onnormality. In this production Lady Macbeth is a lot more composedwhich is the image I perceived in my head when reading the book. Ifound her to be the peacemaker in the relationship, so therefore thisproduction again met my expectations of the characters. Lady Macbethconstantly tries to calm her delirious husband and restore somecustomariness back into the banquet. The lords are very confused in this production and talk constantly ofthe sights they are witnessing. Once they leave, we see a verydisappointed Lady Macbeth, gazing through a distant window. The pairthen walk up the stairs together with a light, the red light shines asthey lay in bed together which conveys, their intimacy and closeness. It is clear now that she does not need to encourageMacbeth anymore to murder.Both productions were cleverly put together, with wonderful actors andactresses. I did eff the Roman Polanski version a little bit moresimply because it reinforced the images I had already appreciated. The imagery used in this one, was more lustrous and realistic whichcaptured and held my attention for longer.

English Coursework †Othello Essay

How does Shakespe ar conclude the dramatic performance of Othello in order to address the questions of foot and justice in the tragedy?IntroductionShakespeares snap Othello, which was first performed in the early 17th century, depicts sexism, racism and post efficiently, as the play continues these forms of inequality change as a result of the chaos in Order-Chaos-Order the structure which Shakespeare used in this play to convey the change that occurs between each order.The egress of the chaos leads to the modification of the relative status of the characters and causes an effect upon the way blame and justice are applied to the individuals.One of the main characters of the play is Othello his importance in the play is that he is a general of the originful city Venice The Duke does greet you, General I.2 knaveboy 59. The introduction of him puts an impact on his nature because it begins with racist com manpowerts, told by three characters Iago his Moorships Ancient. I.1 fol iate 53, Brabantio It is too true and evilwith the Moor I.1 rapscallion 57 and Roderigo full fortune does the thick-lips owe I.1 pageboy 53.Though his reputation gets affected by these comments, his status shows him as a person worth respect. His true characteristics, that were described later on, interacted with his introduction my perfect soul I.2 page 65, another(prenominal) showed that he was a truthful and non-civilised character Rude am I in my speechblessed with the soft praise of two-eyed violet I.3 page 65, this goes against the elements that are needed for a person to be a general. Audience could understand that Othello is not really someone who can gibe, but someone who can be controlled because of these characteristics, which may lead to the tragedy.Iago does not fork up much of importance at the root word because he is known to be the ensign of the army despite this his share in the overall play makes him an important character. He was the only character who kne w virtually everything that was going on amongst the other characters this gave him the opportunity to control them. Also taken the appearance of the roman god Janus By Janus, I think no I.2 page 59, the key to begin the tragedy. His true identity is disguised therefore the think of other characters are gained Honest Iago II.3 page 99. Iago takes advantage of Othellos true character and is able to control him by confusing him What dost thou mean? III.3 page 110, this influences the change in Othellos character turning against the people he once savord and trusting Iago who does not deserve it.Desdemona does not generally have importance in the play but her appearance and characteristics relate to the tragedy and links with the actions and motives of Othello Ill not expostulate with her IV.1 page 139 and Iago Now, I do love her too not out of absolute lust II.1 page 87. Her status began with her father Brabantio, who was a rich representative in Venice. As black men were generall y considered of a low status in the 17th century, racism was not thought to be a fuss if a woman was to splice a black man then it would lower her status. The same way when Desdemona married Othello she was no more under the shadow of her father she became low in status heres my husband I.3 page 69. The mention of this made Brabantio say a curse to Othello which does put an effect to lead towards tragedy She has deceived her father, and may theeI.3 page 72.By Iago using his ability to control he diverts Othellos thought about Desdemona, he does this by creating a false story about an affair between Cassio and her, this lead to Othello thinking about killing Desdemona Get me some poison IV.1 page 139, Iago was able to convince him of killing her in a different way strangle her in her bed IV.1 page 139, this will affect Othellos title and his personality.Iago was always against women, known to be a misogynist It is a creature IV.1 page 135. While altering Othellos thoughts he had made him think almost in the same way is well, this brings sexism in the play She says enough yet shes a simple bawd IV.2 page 144 (all of Othellos speech). The same as racism, sexism was not considered as a problem during the 17th century. Sexism is mentioned towards the end of Act IV, because it is the last step to begin the tragedy.Act V starts off with a small battle between Cassio, who was the lieutenant of Venice and Roderigo, who was not accepted as a lover by Desdemona. Roderigo had died after being betrayed by Iago he stabs Roderigo V.1 page 160 and mentioned his true character in campaign of everyone else who was present O damned Iago O inhuman dog V.1 page 160, as Iago cunningly speeded up the scene the last words of Roderigo was left forgotten How silent is this town Ho, murder V.1 page 160, the tragedy has just begun, if Iago was to be unmasked at this stage the play would end sooner than it should. To continue on for a while longer this action of Iago was established . Bianca was known to be a sexual partner of Cassio, sexism becomes worse at the end of Act V Scene 1 not only did Iago blame her for Cassios injuries the fruit of whoring V.1 page 163 but Emilia did is well O, fie upon thee strumpet V.1 page 163.Othello turns back to his normal character during the beginning of scene 2, this is shown by his words reservation sense, also describing how his motive has changed, he will only kill her to purify her soul, Justice to break her sword V.2 page 164. By this, we know that Othello is not completely under the control of Iago, this decision was his own decision. Once the conversation between Desdemona and him occurs he shows signs of epilepsy why gnaw you so your nether lip? V.2 page 165.When he committed the crime he was not thinking straight, he killed her in a very non-masculine way He smothers her V.2 page 168, not being able to see or touch her shows that he needed to do it rather than wanting to do it. Using this method acting does not te nd to kill the dupe but may make them unconscious, men tend to kill very violently and make sure that their victim is dead, Othello was not able to succeed in either way therefore he helpless his masculinity Nobody- I myself farewell. V.2 page 170 Desdemona killed herself.The tragedy has reached its bosom Iago is now brought to justice. The only character who was able to unmask Iago successfully was his own wife Emilia. She understood how her husband had lied about Cassio and Desdemona, which lead to her death. You told a lie, an repulsive damnd lie V.2 page 172. Despite all effort on calming Emilia down, Iago failed and Othello realised who the real culprit was Zounds, hold your peace V.2 page 174. Iagos identity is unravelled in front of everyone and he escapes with committing a surprise attack on his wife Emilia Iago stabs Emilia from behind V.2 page 175, this describes him as an inhuman person who gives no mercy, whereas Othello let his wife say her last words before she die d thou best a devilI bleed, sir, but not killed V.2 page 177. Now that Iago has finally been unmasked he was claimed that he would not mention why he did this to anyone, loosing his power of speech which he had, to control everyone I will never speak a word V.2 page 178. Shakespeares last form of structure (order) had to happen.Othellos job has been taken outside Your power and command is taken off V.2 page 179, the last of what he had, it was taken away because of the murder which he had committed damned slave V.2 page 179. Before he dies he mentions what he wants people to think of him one that loved too wiselyIndian threw a pearl away V.2 page 179. Othello had lost his body because of Iago controlling it, his title which he just lost and his perfect soul because he just killed an innocent person whom he loved, making Othello into nothing therefore he deserved to die.ConclusionThree main characters were shown and how they were different compared to each other in the play. How the chaos can change their status was also mentioned. Racism, Sexism and Status have been mentioned to show how the story gradually leads to the tragedy. During the chaos the features of each character is affected, causing both Othello and Desdemona to lose their existence and Iago to lose his power of speech, leading him towards justice. Towards the end of the play Othello did not have the same high status as he had when he was at the beginning because he had lost everything he had this means that he is the one who is to blame for the tragedy. My parts, my title, and my perfect soul shall manifest me rightly I.2 page 59.Lodovico is known to be the most important because he is the last character to speak towards the end of the play he was the only character who was not affected by Iago at all.

Coping with Stress Essay

This come across lead take an issue that is very prominent in todays gild and attempt to look, in detail, how families of military war casualties are make do with the death of their loved ones and which coping strategies seem to be nigh influential in circumstances them get back to leading a flavor that closely resembles what they had before departure. This topic of military coping is beta, especi eachy in this time, because on that point have been so many casualties due to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (see Appendix A) By looking at these conflicts, but also those such as the Vietnam War and the Gulf War, we would essentially expect to find common themes or strategies that make coping just a little bit easier for those who are left on the home front.This topic is valuable to investigate because of the amount of plenty affected each day by military death- the total deaths are in the thousands and rising every moment. War is a phenomenon that is not going to be d isappearing anytime soon, and if there is a way to cooperate those being influenced by tragedy in a more in force(p) and effectual way, the benefits are immense. The audience for this study is most likely going to be students, but there is also the potential for the military to take an involvement in order to help the families of the victims. Mental health counselors, community counselors and psychiatrists may find the studyfrom the study helpful because of the implications it will have on how people write out with death and how it may be possible to engage those dealing with death in purify coping strategies.Much of what has been studied in the body politic of coping and emphasize management has been done with the focus on the individual and how people deal with stress in general. This begs the question what is stress?. Stress is most commonly defined as a physical, mental, or sensational factor that causes bodily or mental tension, and for the sake of this study that is th e way it would be defined. legion(predicate) look forers still ascertain that the term stress is highly ambiguous because there can be so many different levels. Stress can be caused by an proceeds such as abuse, a natural disaster, an attack, a life threatening ordeal, or even just a dramatic upset(prenominal) change in lifestyle. Most of these topics have been studied, and through looking at this previous research, it is seen how very few researchers focus on how people parcel out with the stress of losing a loved one to an event such as war.Perhaps documentation of how people have coped with death throughout history is rare, or peradventure there has just not been a lot of studies done on the topic. When searching keywords such as coping, death, and military into a mental search engine, only seven results were retrieved, and of those seven, there were only two or three that seemed they would benefit this research positively. These few articles that that were found that gen erally focused on post-traumatic- stress disorder, or PSTD. They studied (both quantitatively and qualitatively) how families felt they were influenced by the war, whether it by deployment, responsibility at home, the unknown, and of course, death.It was found that it is indeed important to look at everyone tangled and try to work together to get through the trauma of war. The researches should not forget parent-child relations and should not forget that it takes time and understanding of an individual to help cope with the loss (Dekel et al., 2010, page). The other article that was looked at did not focus so much on a study, but the history of coping with loss during both war and peace times. It c overed a broad range of time and explained how the military had continually developed counseling and groups to help those who were affected by the war. It looks at how the loss can be integrated into ones life as a whole, and is looked at as positive for thes hoarier (Bartone et al., 199 4, page).This tip for coping, also known as big(p)iness in another article, seems to be a reoccurring paper when coping with trauma. If one can integrate the tragic event into their life and think of positive ways to let it influence them, they seem to be more likely to be able to deal with their stress or loss. Optimism was another element of this article, focusing on how if people believe that something is going to be positive, it has a greater impact on how they deal with stress (Maddi et al., 1999, page). to date another strategy that can be involved with coping is forgiving. It is often through the idea of forgiving the person or people that harmed someone important to you can be a strong motivator to getting over a stressful situation because it allows some sort of closure and understanding (Hodgson et al., 2007, page). totally of these factors- hardiness, forgiveness, empathy- must be taken into consideration while doing this research on coping.Historically research often focused on negative consequences of specific factors. We all know the effect that trauma, poverty, abuse, divorce, and other factors of such sort have on psychological development and what life long effects it has for an individual. In the last 20 to 30 familys researchers finally began to shift their focus on resiliency and how people develop positive coping skills despite adverse life events. The late broadening of coping theory might be a reaction to to earlier conceptualizations of coping that neglected to include such aspects as goals, purpose, and meaning. (Schwarzer & Luszczynska, 2008, p22) muckle want to feel successful in their lives and will look for opportunities for growth. They work hard for more resources, desire to maximize gains, and build up resistance factors all to ward off future crisis or to grow and cultivate their capabilities for their own sake (Schwarzer & Luszczynska, 2008, p22).Resilience studies with children and adolescents have identified the foll owing major factors to play a role in buffering how they cope with stress and trauma IQ, parental quality, connection to other competent adults, internal locust of control, and brotherly skills (Tiet et al., 1998, p1191). In addition there have been many studies that focused on genderdifferences when coping with stress and this are well documented when it comes to adults. look for concerning gender differences that may influence coping in children and adolescents revealed mixed results. (Eschenbeck et al., 2007, p18) This could be attributed to level of development, environmental factors, and gender socialization.The study completed by Eschenbeck and coleagues (2007) however demonstrated that girls scored higher in seeking social support and problem solving (Eschenbeck et al., 2007, p20). Other studies also identified that social supports and problem solving skills were most influential factors in coping with adverse life events and linked these factors with greater social compete nce and fewer internalizing and externalizing behavior problems (Clarke, 2006, p12) for children and adolescents. pip-squeakren in military families are more often exposed to stressful situations. Yet fit in to reports from counselors and other school personnel military children tend to be resilient. They are used to changing schools, enduring long separations from a parent, and saying goodbye to old friends and making new ones. (Hardy, 2006, p11) These children often are being taken care of by family members other than their mothers and fathers, such as aunts, uncles, grandparents, or close family friends. They may familiarity relationship conflicts within the setting of their families as the boundaries of the family is shifted due to temporary and permanent losses.The effects of this kind of loss are displayed in ways that potentially prevent successful adolescent development. (Huebner et al., 2007, p121) Much of the work with these youths have been focused on concept of foste ring resiliency. This approach focuses on (a) finding meaning, (b) tempering mastery, (c) reconstructing identity, (d) normalizing ambivalence, (e) revising attachment, and (f) discovering hope (Huebner et al., 2007 p 120).It seems to be that choosing to research along the lines of how military death influences families will be a topic that has been studied little before, and thus hopefully the information that we run into will be helpful in organizing more constructive ways for families to cope with loss.Study DesignIt was determined that the setting for the research project would be twenty families with adolescents ages 12-18 chosen from the upstate New York region (Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse). The families selected would be those who have lost someone in the war within the last year. We would gather information through the use of personal interviews, family interviews, group discussions and observation. Using qualitative methods in this research will be more beneficial because it will better help us understand what people are directly feeling- we will be able to see their reactions and work with them and empathize with them to hopefully make them feel more comfortable. Using qualitative studies will also help us to see the reactions of those in the groups and if there are certain individuals who benefit from the interaction with others.We will also be able to better compare the depth of grief and the coping strategies to the others in the groups. Since it would be necessary to see how coping skills develop over a period of time, it seems that this study would be longitudinal, over the period of 6 months to a year. This would help us to see the do of the individuals and of families in their ability to cope with having lost someone. Analysis of the study will be based on how well individuals and families are able to overcome loss and what social factors allowed them to get to a more stable state of being.To figure the results we will have looked at how th e individual or family functioned when they first learned of the loss compared to how they functioned 6 months to a year down the road. If we have chosen someone who has lost their loved one more than 6 months ago at the beginning of the study, they will be a good point of reference as to where those who more recently lost someone should be in six months. It is easy to see this study in a circular formation due to the fact that deaths are still occurring and there are constantly more people and families to interact with.Potential LimitationsThe idea behind this research allows many different paths to explore, but that is also a challenge that must be faced. Each term we use in the research has to be clearly defined so that the people we are studying do notget confused or put off by anything that may be asked. Also, it has to be taken into consideration that many people react different ways to trauma to begin with, and that may be hard to determine at first. Some people may get depre ssed, others may get angry, and yet others may just try to go on spiritedness as they were before. Each person spoken with will have to be individually looked at to determine their premier coping style and from that point progress will have to be determined.The type of death that each soldier faced is yet another factor to consider, as it may be easier for the family to deal with death of someone who was injured and then died from those injuries. If that is the case, there is more of a chance that the family got to say goodbye than if the soldier was killed unexpectedly by enemy troop in another country. One of the other important limitations to consider is the openness of the people and families being interviewed. They may see the death as a one-on-one family matter and thus have a hard time letting an outsider into the mix. All of these limitations, though, can hopefully be avoided or at least overcome, with patience, empathy and respect for all involved.ReferencesBartone, P. & Ender, M. (1994). Organizational Responses to Death in the Military. Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C. Death Studies, 18, 25- 39.Cameron, A., Palm, K. & Follette, V. (2010). Reaction to stressful life events What predicts symptom severity? ledger of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 645649.Clarke, Angela (2006). Coping with interpersonal stress and psychosocial health among children and adolescents a meta analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(1), 11-24.Dekel, R. & Monson, C. (2010). Military-related post-traumatic stress disorder and family relations Current knowledge and future directions. belligerence and Violent Behavior, 15, 303309.Eschenbeck, H., Kohlmann, C.-W., Lohaus, A. (2007). Gender differences in coping strategies in children and adolescents. Journal of Individual Difference, 28 (1), 18-26.Hardy, L., (2006). When kids lose parents in our war in Iraq. The Education Digest, 72(4), 10-12.Hodgson, L. & Wertheim, E. (2007). Does good emotion management aid forgiving? Multiple dimensions of empathy, emotion management and forgiveness of self and others. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships SAGE Publications (www.sagepublications.com), 24(6), 931949.Angela J Huebner, Jay A Mancini, Ryan M Wilcox, Saralyn R Grass, & Gabriel A Grass. (2007). Parental Deployment and Youth in Military Families Exploring Uncertainty and Ambiguous Loss. Family Relations, 56(2), 112-122. Retrieved July 29, 2010, from Platinum Periodicals. (Document ID 1260882231).Leland, A. & Oboroceanu, M.-J. (2010). American war and military operations casualties Lists and statistics. Congressional Research Service, 7-5700. Retrieved July 29, 2010 from www.crs.gov (RL32492).Maddi, S. & Hightower, M. (1999). Hardiness and optimism as expressed in coping patterns. Consulting Psychology Journal Practice & Research. 51(2), 95-105.Schwarzer, R., & Luszczynska, A. (2008). The Prevention Researcher, 15(4), 22-24.Tiet, Q. Q., Bird, H. R., Davies, M., Hoven, C., Cohen, P ., Jensen, P. S., & Goodman, S. (1998). Adverse life events and resilience. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37(11), 1191-1201.

Early and Middle Adulthood Paper Essay

In this paper, I will discus two theories that are related to early and middle adulthood. Also, I will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of from each one of the theories. The two theories that I take hold selected are Eriksons Intimacy versus closing off to explain the early adulthood stage, and the Life Events Approach theory.In the Eriksons psychosocial developmental theory ( acquaintance versus isolation stage), Intimacy can be explained as is the mightiness to fuse ones identity with that of a nonher person without fear of loosing it (Feist, 2008, 258). It further means an ability and willingness to share a mutual trust. It involves sacrifice, compassion, commitment and so on.Isolation on the other hand, is the psychosocial counterpart of intimacy. It is defined as the incapacity to take chances with ones identity by sharing true intimacy (Feist, 2008, 259). Erikson believed that there should be a fine ratio between the intimacy and isolation as too much isolation can furth er cause problems such as depression.Love is the basic strength that is gained as a result from the crisis of intimacy versus isolation). According to Erikson, love includes intimacy but it also contains some degree of isolation, because each partner is permitted to retain a separate identity (Feist, 2008).StrengthsHis theory gave a life span developmental process.His theory explains each stage in detail including the time frame, and the changes involved.He addressed it is important to move with the stages in order or it could causes crisis. extended Freuds theory into different developmental stages such as adolescence, adulthood and old age.Claimed that growth occurs across the life span.Places focus on social and historic functions on development in his theoryConflict between the opposing elements of each phase produces an ego strength or basic strength.WeaknessesHis theory is not based on scientific evidence.His psychosocial developmental theory does not take into consideratio n different cultures of the world.The age groups with the developmental stages do not sound consistent.Generalizes that everyone goes through the same psychosocial developmental stages.The Life-Events ApproachIn the earlier version, some casefuls such as a death of a spouse, divorce and marriage could be life changing and could influence an individuals development. In other words, such events could force the individual to change their personality as they bring along lot of stress.However, contemporary life-events approach path emphasizes that individuals personality development does not only depend on the life events itself but also on mediating factors (physical health, family supports, for example), the individuals adaptation to the life event (appraisal of the threat, coping strategies, for example), the life-stage context, and the sociohistorical context (Santrock, 2008).StrengthsHelpful addition to understanding adult development.Takes into perspective life stressors and othe r mediating variables that could influence ones development.WeaknessThe life-events approach places too much emphasis on change.It does not adequately recognize the stability characterizes adultdevelopment.It overlooks daily events that could be very stressful as well for individuals.Therefore, in this paper, I have discussed two theories related to early and middle adulthood in detail. The two theories are Eriksons and the life events approach theory. Also, I have discussed the strengths and weaknesses of each theory.ReferencesFeist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2008) Theories of nature (7th edition). New York McGraw-HillSantrock, J. W. (2008). Essentials of life-span development. NY McGraw-Hill.

Gardenia Bread Philippines

1. Francisco Alonso Liongson Outstanding Philippine playwright in Spanish and founding president of Circulo Escenico, Pampangas Spanish theatrical group that became nationally renowned. 2. Aurelio Tolentino one of the mystics of theKatipunan, a compadre ofAndres Bonifacio, a nationalist writer in some(prenominal) Kapampangan and Tagalog. He coined the worddulafor drama and ironically became known in history as the Father of Tagalog Drama for his anti-US colonial chef-doeuvreKahapon, Ngayon at Bukas.A theatre at the Cultural Center of the Philippines is namedTanghalang Aurelio Tolentinoin his honor. 3. Jose Abad Santos First Kapampangan to become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. After Pres. Manuel L. Quezon and Vice-President Sergio Osmena left Philippine soil for the safety in America, Justice Abad Santos was the highest ranking official of the Philippine government until his execution on May 2, 1942 by the Japanese Imperial the States for his refusal to coo perate. 4.Sotero Baluyot- Provincial regulator during the Commonwealth, he formed an organization known as Cawal ning Capayan, described as the largest amd most powerful provincial organization of its time (Sturtevant, common Uprisings in the Philippines 1840-1949). Although it claimed to be a conservative labor union, it was, in fact, a strike-breaking group of Fascist thugs, as the communists called them. (Pol Kekai Manansala). 5. Rosalina Icban Castro Married to Jose Luna Castro, and while born in Rosales, Pangasinan, both her parents are from Pampanga and she speaks Kapampangan fluently.Obtained an M. A. in English at Syracuse University , was a professor in English at U. E. for several decades. During all her years as an educator, she was sought-after(a) by researchers in Kapampangan literature for her intimate knowledge of Kapampangan writing. She is the author of The Literature of the Pampangos an anthology and at the same time a political literary history. (ref. E. H. Lac son) (Ernie Turla) 6. Jose Luna Castro Born on March 4, l9l5 in Manila to Faustino Castro and Claudia Luna both of Lubao, Pampanga.Finished High school at Pampanga High. Finished his M. A. in Journalism and political science at Syracuse University. He became president of the Asian Institute of Journalism and has held such high positions as press counselor of the Phil. Embassy in Peking, editor of the Manila Times (l959 l972), editor-in-chief of the Times-Journal. He was a lecturer in Journalism at U. P. and an Eisenhower Fellow in l970. He participated in international meetings in the U. S. , Korea, Thailand, Singapore and Japan.He authored Journalism Handbook. (ref. E. H. Lacson) (Ernie Turla). 7. Virgilio Davidof Bacolor, PMA graduate, retired Philippine military general and former Anti-Drug chief during the presidency of Cory Aquino, business executive and government agency director (by Alejandro S. Camiling). 8. Lito Lapid a famous star turned politician. He became governor o f Pampanga and later became a member of the Philippine senate. 9. Lorna Tolentino is an actress, host, executive producer and wife of fellow Kapampangan actorRudy Fernandez.She was born in Concepcion, Tarlac and was raised in Manila. 10. Lea Salonga is a Tony A state of ward-winning singer and actress who is best known for her portrayal of Kim in the musical Miss Saigon. She spent the first six years of her childhood in Angeles city before moving to Manila. 11. Melanie Marquez is a popular beauty queen-turned-actress who hails from Mabalacat. She was Miss International 1979 and was voted as the Most Beautiful Miss International in 2000. Shes also a sister of a nonher local actor,Joey Marquez. 12.Efren Bata Reyes is referred to as The Magician and a very popular Filipino billiards player who hails from Angeles City. He is considered to be one of historys greatest practitioners of billiards. 13. Artemio Panganiban twenty-first Supreme Court Chief Justice of the Philippines. His ances tors originated from Pampanga and then later generations migrated to Manila. 14. Herminia Minang Dizon. Girlfriend of Ray Hunt (author of Behind Japanese Lines), who wrote Minang was a schoolteacher before the war and a most remarkable individual.The only word to describe her would be fierce. She had taken up with Maj. Claude Thorpe before the fall of Bataan and she had been captured with Thorpe. .. some of her captors were quite taken with her. one and only(a) high ranking Japanese officer even offered to take her with him when his countrymen conquered Australia One day Minang got a chance to escape and did so, but her life was precarious in the extreme because she was pursued not only by the Japanese but by the communist guerrillas (Huks), who hated her, and by her uncle who wanted her killed tough and resourceful woman. She was not especially pretty, though she did have flashing eyes, but she was intelligent, well organized, and articulate. I soon became smitten with her an d she with me. Though she was just a slip of a little girl who weighed no more than 90 pounds and could stand under my outstretched arm, no lion ever had a stouter heart. Near the end of the war she was commissioned a lieutenant in recognition of her wartime services. source Behind Japanese Lines by Ray C. Hunt and Bernard Norling, 1986, 333 pages (by Pol Kekai Manansala) 5. Armando Q. Madambaof San Fernando, PMA graduate, Philippine Navy commodore, a staunch advocate of the modernisation of the Philippine Navy, senior staff member, Armed Forces of the Philippines Joint Chiefs of Staff and served as military attache in the Middle East (by Alejandro S. Camiling). 16. Marco G. Palo. A resident of Angeles City, was arrested in Feb. 1982 with other trade union organizers severely tortured and was hospitalized as a result of this. Detained at the Bicutan Rehabilitation Center for two years and charged with combination to commit subversion.Re-arrested in 1988 with alleged leaders of the CPP-NPA. and detained at the Camp Crame PC stockade. Charged with rebellion and released after two years (Dave Nepomuceno). 17. Senator Gil Puyat. Son of the pioneer Pampangan industrialist, fatigue Gonzalo Puyat. Graduated in l929 in Business Administration (cum laude) from U. P. where he became a dean in its department of economics. First elected senator in l955, he was consistently named One of the Five Most Outstanding Senators every year. He became the President of the Senate in l967.Very popular and well-known, and a notable economist Senator Puyat became Majority Floor drawing card in the Senate. He hails from Guagua he loved the pile of Guagua such that he was instrumental in constructing several public reports such as the link up leading to Barrio Santa Filomena and the plaza in front of the town church . Buendia Ave. in Makati is now renamed after him. (Andro Camiilng) (E. H. Lacson) (Ernie Turla) 18. Rosa Danon Rosal. More popularly known by her harbor name of R osa Rosal, born in Manila 16 October 1931 to Julio Danon and Gloria Lansang (from which town of Pampanga? , lived in garage for 16 years, sold sweepstakes tickets starting at six years old, studied at Antonio Regidor Elementary School. secondary schooling at Arellano High School. Worked at National Coconut Corporation as weaver, moved to soap pulverisation where she pounded and shaped soap cakes under the sun, promoted to wrapping department, learned typing on old typewriter and worked as secretary. Discovered while watching shooting of a get hold of and starred in film Kamagong (I remember this filmwerent parts of it shot at the Don Pepe Henson house in Angeles.I seem to remember being apprised of the shooting when I was a little girl. ). Finished secondary schooling between movies. Won best actress for Sonny Boy (1956), won highest award in Southeast Asian film festival in HK in 1956 for Anak Dalita, leading to presidential award from Magsaysay. Refused to start in bomba films and instead devoted energies to social work and rearing of daughter (didnt she become famous too? ). Gave up weekly TV show for lesser paying daily show called Damayan to help socially disadvantaged. Active in innumerable socio-civic areas ranging from promotional activities for Red Cross to relief work.Recipient of countless awards and citations from movie, civic, and religious organizations for humanitarian work, including the Outstanding Pampanguena Award in 1979. When asked why shes so dedicated to the poor, she replied I have been poor and I know how it feels to be pushed around. (Pat Sutter) 19. Lilia Garcia Baby Pineda Lubao town mayor who was elected president of the Pampanga Mayors League and more recently, as vice president for Luzon in the League of Municipalities, the umbrella organization of 1,540 towns in the Philippines.She does a great deal of humanitarian work, including helping in the resettlement of people in lahar-devasted areas. A well-known philantropist, she financially helps the poor in Pampanga especially families who cannot afford to send their children to college. Way back in the 60s, she was among the outstanding students in this authors class. (Ernie Turla) 20. Sixto V. Torres, senior of Apalit, former regional director and deputy commisioner of the Land Transportation Commision of the Philippines and founder of the Gonzales Memorial College (by Alejandro S. Camiling).

Ketcham

At the opening of his essay A Rational for Civic Education. Ralph Ketcham cites Americas forefather Thomas Jefferson who noted that to understand their rights, to maintain them, and to exercise with intelligence their parts in self-government (Ketcham 145). Jefferson understood the great travails that people had to under jam in order to become free. He truly felt that each person to come had a civic duty to preserve this great freedom. I am in complete agreement with Ketcham that civic education is important, but it is a harder task to accomplish than one might think. This attitude is embodied by galore(postnominal) adults today, but it is harder and harder to make littleer people understand its relevance.Unfortunately, over the centuries, people pee-pee forgotten the original concept of freedom as a exemption and see themselves as entitled to on the whole(a) the rights they locoweed claim. How many court cases digest involved some sort of rights violation, as if everybody ha d a right to have everything he wanted? Civic education is important for people to learn to give back to the country what the country has given to them. Instead of the country owe them, they owe the country, which was poignantly noted in John F. Kennedys famous words ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. Decades after Jeffersons speech, President Truman sadly noted that college graduates often fell short of the human wholeness and civic conscience which the cooperative activities of citizenship control (Ketcham 146).Basically, Ketcham argues that this trend occurred as colleges and secondary schools began to see more and more diversity in their populations of students and faculty members and taller degrees of specialization in the teachers. Because of all this difference, the general one-size-fits-all category of Civics became many socio-economic class offerings at the college level to suit diverse interests and to, perhaps, not offend o ne of the many subsets of citizens in the process (146-147).Civics in many high schools is taught to students as young as fourteen and fifteen years old these individuals are too young to drive a car, vote in an election, or even to conceptualize their roles as a citizen, let alone practice civic responsibility and self-government.In his essay, Ketcham spends a lot of time discussing the mass accumulation of data that political and social science now demands and concludes that its intended purpose is political agenda, not self-governing. Fact seeking is a safe activity, and most educated individuals fare that statistics can be made to say whatever a person wants, or needs, them to say.However, some other plausible explanation is that individuals are no longer skill how to serve government, but instead they are learning how to avoid serving, how to find miniscule violations of supposed rights, to keep from having to do anything they dont want to do. It seems that many of these c ourses dont teach citizenship, but teach how to avoid it. The operate on the idea that your rights are violated if rather than for your rights, you should do this.Ketcham acknowledges that teaching the humans to serve the government is difficult because of differing opinions on what right is. The natural law may still be intact, but the different religions and cultures that make up the unite States can make agreement difficult. Add to that the inclination for human beings to be selfish and self-serving and the process is muddied further (148-149).Ketcham cited Reinhold Nieuhr who says that mans competency for justice makes democracy possible but mans inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary (151). While some people do topic civic-minded responsibility very seriously, many others do not. It seems that Ketcham does not really trust people to undertake their civic roles independently and that he is probably correct in his hesitation.Basically, Ketcham is arguing that indiv iduals, left to their own devices, leave alone not automatically mold into self-governing entities. The problem is that he doesnt really explain how a civic education will accomplish this. While most people agree that a civic education is important, few really know how to turn that into a positive populace. Even those civic duties that are extremely well-understood are severely underutilized. In this fast-paced society, people just dont want to take the time.For example, one civic duty that is actually the source of much bloodshed around the world right now is voting. While the recent presidential elections have been more exciting than most, the average percentage of people voting during non-Presidential election years in my state is between 12 and 18%. These people all know that they are allowed, even compelled, to vote, but still more than four-fifths of the state does not do so. These numbers are similar for most states, especially among young people. How do we convince these pe ople to vote? They have to know that their individual vote matters. Most people do not really believe that.Next, another civic duty that I have had more than my fair share of is jury duty. Jury duty is a disruptive irritation to most people. Unless a juror is lucky (or unlucky) enough to be placed on the O.J. or Paris Hilton trial, most cases are dull and boring. At my most recent summons, I watched as one person after another attempted to weasel out of doing the duty. In fact, over a third of the jury pool did not depute up.The bailiff assured those of us remaining that they would be subpoenaed to the judge, but few of us believed it. The running joke is that the only members of a jury are those too dazed to get out of jury duty. If this is the case, people seem to be actively seeking ways to avoid self-government. To make matters worse, I got a parking fine for parking where I was told to park. It seems that the government is actually repelling people from becoming active citiz ens.Unfortunately, many people will still gripe and groan. Perhaps the beaver civic education would be to teach silence to those who dont intend to participate. Those who do participate can then assemble and appeal all they want to. Unfortunately, it seems that only the most extreme groups have the motivation to organize pickets, sit-ins and the like. The rest of the citizens are just too busy. What about writing letters to the regulator or congressmen? Well, America has seen enough shows like West Wing to know that those letters barely make it to a third of fourth string aide. If we are to be self-governing, we must be certain that our government will listen.Ketcham makes a valid argument that people should all be introduced to a general civics course at some point during their education. Certainly every citizen should be well versed in what it takes to be a civic-minded individual. However, he seems at a exhalation about how to go from the esoteric and ideal concept of a self-go verning populace to the pragmatics of actually making that happen. If this push toward the more civic-minded citizen is to happen, the obstacles that the government and individuals have created will have to be identified, addressed, and overcome.