British Computing Society Code of Conduct

Question: Examine about the British Computing Society Code of Conduct. Answer: During the previous years and present time, the capacity of the British Computer Society (BCS) has gotten critical. With the end goal that for all the people to take up a profession as ICT (data correspondence innovation) and IS (data frameworks) laborers, the codes of training and ethic must be establishment of moving their commitments. However, genuinely taking a gander at the codes of training and morals which focuses upon the (open intrigue, commitment to the administrator and clients, commitment to the activity and expert capacity and unwavering quality) with practices of certain individuals in the activity who were nonexistent to be limited by the codes of training and morals, one would think about whether these codes of training and morals were only for the books (The British Computer Society, 2004). The Code of Conduct: Set out the particular standards which were required by BCS as a fundamental prerequisite for achieving enrollment by a person; Applies to all the people, independent of their affiliation grade, the capacity they satisfy and perform, or the ward where they were working or release their legally binding obligations. Oversees the conduct of the individual and not the character of the exchange which he works or standards of any Relevant Authority for which an IT proficient like me was working and completing his undertaking. Representatives were foreseen to work out their own judgment (which ought to be made in such a way as to be essentially satisfactory) so as to meet the necessities of the code and look for counsel if an individual have any sort of uncertainty. Essentially, there have been various issues which have been face by all the specialists in this field. There have been a significant number of moral, social and legal issues which have been seen to have been occurred at a monstrous scope. The working of such sort of specialists influence the lives of others as they regularly acquire as a piece of their official preparing various classes which manage the moral issues which were normal to their specialists (Relkin, 2006). Moral Issues As, it has been surely known by all the people that moral issues have been viewed as a condition that needs an individual or relationship to settle on choices that must be surveyed as right for example moral or wrong for example dishonest (Hack, 2016). The major moral difficulties looking by data innovation are security, protection and duplicate right encroachment. Under the BCS establishment moral issues may incorporate Public Interest. In this way, being an IT proficient it is my obligation to: Complete things with precautionary measures and do a thing which would be for the advantage for the heath of individuals and its environmental factors. Play out an errand by remembering that the benefits of an individual were not influenced. Treat all the people in an equivalent way regardless of any station, sex, sexual orientation, and so forth. Additionally permit individuals to utilize the IT benefits in a very much presumed way (Berzai, 2012). In this way, it has been my obligation to represent the government assistance of people in general and not for my own advantage. Additionally, simultaneously I have a commitment to maintain the codes. A PC abuse act utilizes PC for unlawful activities. In todays digitalized world, people were spending a groundbreaking piece of their lives at work with the web. Along these lines, in IT calling the likelihood of misutilization of PC has gradually improved. By sharing login subtleties to the companions, duplicating repudiation material like music, films finished up in misutilization On the other hand, in IT calling illicit Hacking was likewise one of the urgent wrongdoings where unlawful Hackers use their unlawful permission for basic points without the benefits from the prevalent specialists. Presentation of this Computer abuse act 1990 in its field diminished the hazard factor of unlawful access, each individual private PC legitimately were defended from any unlawful programmers under the criminal law. Sosial Issues A social issue has been viewed as an issue that pressures a significant number of the people inside a network. It was frequently the result of highlights reaching out past the social issue of an individual which was the wellspring of a contrary view on the grounds of what was assumed as a respectably simply private life (Gotterban, 2001). Under the BCS foundation, I being an IT expert could dispose of such issues by method of specific capacity and genuineness. Along these lines, being an IT proficient I ought to should: Take and do such work for which he was fit and have ability and aptitude. Not request any sort of capacity which was not acquired by a person in this field. Broaden his aptitude and skill with enlarging his insight scope with watching the things which were going on in this powerful world and should change with that. Guarantee that he has the mindfulness and know about the guidelines in doing his specific errands, and so on (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2012). For instance, Green issues was one of the significant debates in todays world which individuals face by and by to pick up associate and plays a significant capacity in IT industry . By method of Green IT, various environmental impacts on the planet were caused, for example, the use of printer; the extensive paper use has significantly increased over the most recent three decades because of which deforestation happened (Shinder, 2005). Unsafe effects have occurred by the improper PC and e-squander reusing because of which the soundness of general society was hampered in light of the fact that it incorporates Polybrominated Flame Retardants and Barium. While reusing the pieces of PC there was no guaranteed security for the individual data. Erasing all the documents doesn't basically erase all the records. Along these lines, it was secured to over composed the hard circle. Likewise, Green issues have been taken in to thought in the IT business for better network. IT likewise assumes a urgent job in this cutting edge time. Everything has become on the web and business however every one of these pleasantries were not accessible to all the people. Without access to IT, crippled individuals were not proficient to live as should be expected people. In this way, some product items were planned that could be used by the clients with a wide scope of incapacities and capacities was known as Universal structure. Discourse and hearing mayhem alone not obstruct with the usage of PC (Bloom, 2014). Legitimate Isues Legitimate issues have been all around incorporates the assessment for abusive or bogus announcements before the duplicate goes to print. This was an especially critical advance to ensure that distributers dont commit defamation by creating uncertain or misleading realities or presentations about people or activities (Duquenoy, 2016). The British Computer Society (BCS) may have seen to set the standard as a guide for all the people who need to be in the occupation and would require to work and practice in the state and even individuals that would require to work exterior it coast would likewise be kept the codes of training and morals (Tech ICT, 2016). On the other hand, with regards to solid circumstance of a working environment then there were a great deal of divergences which would be seen from the codes of training and morals with insignificant reasons or moving of faults (Kerber, 2016). In this way, under the BCS code and the establishment which administers such code the lawful issue could be of two kinds. Obligation to Relevant Authority: Under this, it could be expressed that it was the commitment which was allowed to me that I should: Accomplish the work with consistence, and due consideration and respect with the standards which the specialists have made. Not complete any work by which a contradiction happens between the IT master and the power overseeing it. Not unveil any mystery and significant information of an individual or of the partnership to some other gathering to assist oneself, and so forth (The British Computer Society, 2004). Model: Data assurance Act 1998 was the law in UK that needs all the companies to keep ensured any hidden and mystery data that it may hold about the individuals. In todays time, security of data has gotten one of the principle issues with the broadening innovation in IT world. With the open new advancements in the market Unlawful hacking, protection, cybercrime could be watched frequently in all the callings (Warren, 2016). Thus, toward the end it could be reasoned that in the wake of dissecting the issues which structure an aspect of my responsibilities it could be expressed that the vast majority of the violations apparently was occurring because of key probabilities in the framework which remnants unnoticed because of absence of information (The British Computer Society, 2016). As an outcome of such issues, all the PC appropriate damages couldn't be sterilized. In this way, by relating hot joins and scraps these nerves which were made with respect to assurances could be encased .Privacy could be recalled by submitting to not giving out the passwords to companions. A muddled interference expectation conspire set up would hamper various trespassers and secures the framework and system. It could be suggested that if an intermittent examining in the IT framework and survey could happen it would help with planning and actualizing the frameworks of the security. In this way, as needs be it could be expressed that the best thing was to be in stroke with PC specialists and amalgamation as to their social orders. People were viewed as the essential structure sections of the network. So the decision making issue should start from the pith of the whole PC customer. An inside on the information framework breakdown and study on them could put light on the standards of the PC business. Along these lines, on the off chance that the social orders were doing acceptable, at that point it would be without a doubt make a top notch power in the headway of a decent state and thusly a decent globe could prompt a superior world. To vanquish th

Discipline in School and at Home Essay

In some cases, when individuals hear the words discipline, they picture kids gone wild. We used delicate control. What's more, in school and home have to a quiet, tranquil feel to it. We likewise had a ton of fun. A great deal of the preliminary works need to follow where order was concerned. We need to use to show care of self, care of nature, control of development, and beauty and civility. The feeling of request, capacity to think, and self-control picked up from those exercises made all our later life simpler. It enables our life to be progressively neighborly to instructors and guardians just as to other people. We had confidence in following God, regarding each other, being mindful, and putting forth a valiant effort. We can utilize showings to tell them the best way to treat each other and even how to regard others’ property. We figure out how to treat our toys, books, and learning materials with care. We considered religion and utilized many character-instruction exercises and books. Conversations about qualities were regular in our home. Ebb and flow explore shows that quality associations with grown-ups and peers have a colossal effect for youngsters. A feeling of association or having a place is a significant defensive factor. Understudies who see a feeling of connectedness or network at school or potentially home are less inclined to take part in unsafe practices (smoking, utilizing drugs, taking part in savagery). They are likewise bound to be fruitful scholastically. Youngsters who experience childhood in families that they see as both kind and firm are bound to flourish. Positive Discipline shows guardians and educators how to be benevolent and firm simultaneously and how to welcome a feeling of association from the youths they are engaged with. The methodology is neither lenient nor correctional. Positive Discipline is a powerful route for guardians, educators and understudies to learn fundamental abilities and construct a feeling of network and connectedness dependent on commonly deferential connections. Despite the fact that we didn’t follow a timetable inflexibly, we have a calendar or â€Å"rhythm† for our days. Progressively significant, we have to the steadiness of guardians and instructors who adored us and one another and invested a great deal of energy with us. Opportunity inside cutoff points is a significant in our school and home. While opportunity to follow our inclinations assist us with encountering achievement and freedom, the cutoff points were critical also. We just appreciate the measure of opportunity what we could deal with dependably. Issues [pic] Some essential measurements make an image of the issue. # More than 30% of center school understudies report being deceived at least multiple times by peers through the span of one year. # In an overview of secondary school understudies across the nation, the Center for Disease Control found that 17. 4% of understudies had conveyed a weapon (e. g., a firearm, blade, or club) on at least one days in the month going before the overview. Male understudies (29. 3%) were fundamentally almost certain than female understudies (6. 2%) to have conveyed a weapon. CDC 2001 information. 1 # a similar review demonstrated that 6. 6% of secondary school understudies had missed at least one days of school during the 30 days going before the overview since they felt perilous at school or on their approach to or from school. (CDC) # During the a year going before the overview, 19% of secondary school understudies had genuinely considered endeavoring self destruction (14.8% had a particular arrangement). Female understudies (23. 6%) were essentially almost certain than male understudies (14. 2%) to have considered endeavoring self destruction. (CDC) # Nearly one half (47. 1%) of understudies across the nation had devoured at least one beverages of liquor on at least one of the 30 days going before the overview (I. e. , current liquor use). Furthermore, 30% announced long winded substantial savoring the month preceding the overview (at least 5 beverages on at least one events). (CDC) 1CDC Youth Surveillance information accessible at CDC site http://www. cdc.gov/mmwr/see/mmwrhtml/ss5104a1. htm [pic]. Step by step instructions to SOLVE THE PROBLEM The methods utilized in Positive Discipline have been appeared to positively affect schools. An investigation of a school-wide usage of study hall gatherings in a lower pay Sacramento primary school over a four-year time span indicated that suspensions diminished (from 64 every year to 4 yearly), vandalism diminished (from 24 scenes to 2) and the educators detailed incredible improvement in homeroom air, conduct, mentalities and scholastic execution. (Platt, 1979) An investigation of a parent and instructor training program coordinated at guardians and educators of understudies with â€Å"maladaptive† conduct utilizing the devices utilized in Positive Discipline, demonstrated a measurably noteworthy improvement in the conduct of the understudies in the program schools when contrasted with the control schools. (Nelsen, 1979). Littler examinations looking at the effects of explicit Positive Discipline instruments have additionally indicated positive outcomes. (Carmelizing 2000, Potter 1999, Esquivel). At Home The youthful person’s feeling of connectedness with their family is related with constructive results. A national investigation of 12,000 youths indicated that a feeling of connectedness with their family was defensive against each wellbeing hazard conduct aside from history of pregnancy. (Resnick et. al. 1997) The inquiries posed of the teenagers in this huge examination included whether the high schooler felt needed or adored by relatives, regardless of whether they saw minding by their mom or father, what number of exercises they occupied with either parent in the earlier week, and parental nearness during various times. b) At School. A youthful person’s feeling of connectedness with school or â€Å"sense of community† in school is related with constructive social and scholastic results. As above, there is a solid connection with a student’s view of being â€Å"connected† and the feeling of â€Å"community† with scholastic and social prosperity. This has been analyzed by various analysts. Resnick, et. al. (1997) asked understudies inquiries, for example, â€Å"Do you feel that instructors treat understudies decently? † â€Å"Are you near individuals at your school? † â€Å"Do you feel some portion of your school? † He found that a feeling of connectedness to class was defensive against wellbeing hazard practices. These discoveries are steady with those of Goodenow (1993) who found a connection between the students’ feeling of having a place and their scholarly accomplishment and inspiration. CONCLUSSION This was presumably one of the most significant pieces of disciplinary methodology. We regarded our instructors and guardians. Instructors and guardians likewise regard their understudies and kid with their feelings. As we develop more seasoned, we ought to be more dynamic duty. We felt regarded and didn’t have a need to revolt since we realize we would consider our mindful, very much idea out thoughts. For instance, when I was in third grade or something like that, I had the decision of how to deal with my homework before seven days in length trip during the school year. I chose to complete fourteen days worth of work in multi week, working day and night to permit myself seven days off during my excursion. When there was a social issue, we frequently utilized sensible results. Despite the fact that we had a timetable, we didn’t follow the clock precisely. Our timetable is greater task or venture based. On the off chance that we procrastinated in finishing our work for the afternoon, the consistent result was that our school day kept going longer until our assignments were done. The intercessions included utilizing class gatherings, a constructivist educational program, an emphasis on significant work and group building. In schools that effectively executed the program the feeling of network expanded. Additional intriguing maybe was that inspected separately, understudies with a higher feeling of network were found to acknowledge the built up standards of the school, whatever those were. In longitudinal investigations the scientists found that understudies originating from schools that had actualized the program to expand a feeling of network and work for more elevated level reasoning, showed improvement over their colleagues from correlation schools when they showed up at center. There is some proof that a feeling of network among staff individuals might be a â€Å"important forerunner to the advancement of a feeling of network among understudies. † (Royal and Rossi, 1997) of course, demonstrating fitting connections among the grown-ups appears to help understudies in creating suitable relational connections. Teachers’ feeling of network is likewise identified with their activity fulfillment and adequacy. There are many, numerous examinations (not exclusively refered to here) that show that parental association is identified with school achievement. Curiously, when all the more firmly analyzed, legitimate child rearing is emphatically identified with parental school contribution and â€Å"academic encouragement,† the two of which are related with school achievement. The positive effect of â€Å"school involvement† is essentially less if the parent doesn't likewise have a â€Å"kind and firm† child rearing style.

Cryptocurrency 101 The Risk vs. Reward - OppLoans

Cryptocurrency  101 The Risk vs. Reward - OppLoans Cryptocurrency  101: The Risk vs. Reward Cryptocurrency  101: The Risk vs. RewardThe stock market is confusing enough. Now people are talking about cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, and other types of confusing money terms. Is this a real-world way to make money?It seems like every day we hear about how much a certain  cryptocurrency’s  value is skyrocketing, how a  millionaire was made  with  cryptocurrency, or how the number of people using  cryptocurrency  wallets is  exponentially increasing.Created in 2009,  Bitcoin  was the first  cryptocurrency, and arguably is still the most recognizable name in the game. Ten years later, there are almost  3,000 different  digital currencies  in the  cryptocurrency  market, and for many, this new type of investment holds the answer to their financial future.Unfortunately, there are a lot of  scams  out there related to the  crypto market. And similar to the  stock market, there is also a lot of uncertainty. Your first line of defense? Learning more about it.What is  cryptocurrency?Most tra ditional forms of currency are centralized.  U.S. dollars, for example, are regulated by the  Federal Reserve, the central bank of the United States. It sets monetary policy, provides payment services (including ensuring there is enough money in circulation), and regulates banks. Through these duties, the Federal Reserve provides a level of financial stability to the United States.Unlike  U.S. dollars, most  cryptocurrency  is  decentralized, which means there is no single government or financial entity that regulates them. At its most basic,  cryptocurrency  is  digital currency  (or money). So instead of requiring people to carry around paper money, such as  U.S.  dollar  bills,  cryptocurrency  allows for transactions that are all based online. Additionally, instead of storing money in a bank like you do with  U.S. dollars, you store  cryptocurrency  in a digital wallet.Cryptocurrency  advocates generally believe that centralized currency has a potential fatal flaw: A mistake mad e by the one high authority can negatively impact the entire system. That’s why  cryptocurrencies  were designed as a decentralized alternative to government currencies.  Cryptocurrencies  use technology, frequently one called  blockchain, to ensure a level of decentralization, transparency, and security.How do people make money from  cryptocurrency?There are several ways people make money from  cryptocurrency, but we’ll just go over a few of the most common ones. We cant tell you anything about the  payout  value or whether they are good ways to make  passive income, but we can provide general information about how certain people are using this type of digital money.First, you can invest in  cryptocurrency  by  buying it  with  U.S. dollars  (hopefully at a  lower price) and hope its value increases. There are crypto exchanges that help facilitate these transactions. Of course, like any investment, there are risks associated with this. The  cryptocurrency  might not increase in value, and it could even decrease over a  period of time, causing you to lose money.Other people earn their cryptocurrency by mining. Someone who mines cryptocurrency uses their computer to validate blocks of cryptocurrency transactions. This is part of the blockchain technology we mentioned earlier.Cryptocurrencies  use a public ledger to record all transactions, kind of like your bank statement records the transactions of your  bank account.However,  cryptocurrency  transactions can’t be validated unless the network (made up of miners) solve the complex mathematical problems established by the  cryptocurrency’s protocol. Solving the math problems “unlocks” the  cryptocurrency  and makes it available. Miners get a fraction of the currency they unlock, and that’s how they earn  money online. Some  cryptocurrencies  require sophisticated (and expensive) computers to solve their math problems, while others can be solved with a standard computer. Others join a mining network for a fee, which allows them to work with other miners and share profits.Other people earn  cryptocurrency  by  completing microtasks, which are frequently called “bounties.” Sometimes, startups will offer  cryptocurrency  in exchange for real work, such as writing promotional copy, creating a video review â€" whatever the startup needs. There are websites that list bounties and airdrops, a similar type of task-based work. Many crypto enthusiasts believe that its best to get in on the ground floor with new  cryptocurrencies, and you can usually find this type of work on these websites.So what is the problem?Well, you’ve probably already noticed by now that  cryptocurrency  doesn’t come for free, and it’s not always straightforward, at least not for people who don’t have a background in the type of technology that  cryptocurrency  uses.  Cryptocurrency  is not infallible either, despite what some crypto-enthusiasts may have you believe.2019 alone saw  several major  cryp tocurrency  scams, resulting in more than $4.26 billion that had been stolen from crypto users, exchanges, and investors. These  scams  include, but are not limited to:A $28 million hacking of a Japanese  cryptocurrency  exchange  A $40 million hacking of one of the world’s biggest  cryptocurrency  exchanges  A three-year phishing  scam  resulting in more than $100 million in stolen  cryptocurrency.The takeaway here is that both supposedly secure institutions, such as large exchanges, and individuals are being targeted by crypto thieves and scammers.The U.S. Federal Trade Commission offers some words of warning about  cryptocurrency  on its  website. Remember:Cryptocurrency  is not backed by a government.  While this is the appeal for many, it also means that your  cryptocurrency  does not have the same protections as the money in your  FDIC-insured  bank account. If your  cryptocurrency  is stolen, for example, or the crypto business you are working with shutters and you lose all your money, there is very little you can do to recoup losses. Likewise, the transactions you make with  cryptocurrency  don’t have the same protections as  U.S. dollars.The value of  cryptocurrency  changes all the time.  We mentioned this above as a risk for investing in  cryptocurrency.  Cryptocurrency  value can fluctuate from hour to hour. The value of  Bitcoin, for example, fluctuated wildly in 2019, and  dropped 8%  in one day that June. When a  cryptocurrency’s value drops, there is no guarantee that it will return to its  higher price.Scams  abound. Some reports will have you believe that  cryptocurrency  is the silver bullet  of your financial woes, but just like with any get-rich-quick scheme, if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Scammers frequently offer investment or business opportunities related to  cryptocurrency  that promise (1) you’ll make money, (2) you’ll make money fast, and/or (3) you’ll get free money. These are all red flags. If someon e promises you a way to make a  lot of money  in a short amount of time, always proceed with caution.The Dangers of Borrowing  CryptocurrencyThere is another potentially dangerous game in town, and it’s called borrowing  cryptocurrency. There are companies that target people in the market for short-term, low-dollar loans, such as  payday loans  (which are sometimes referred to as  no credit check loans  or  bad credit loans). But this is a newly created field, and the risks associated with  cryptocurrency  multiple when you add in a loan element.Risks increase even further when you don’t understand the underlying technology of  cryptocurrency.  Cryptocurrency  loans can also be straight-up  scams, along with fake  cryptocurrencies, fake  cryptocurrency  websites and mobile apps, and email phishing  scams.Reporting  Cryptocurrency  ScamsIf you or someone you know has been the victim of a  cryptocurrency  scam, there are three ways to report it:Send a complaint to the FTC.Report i t to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).Report it to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

How the Characters of Macbeth and the Duke in My Last...

I am examining the characters of the Duke and Macbeth and how they can be considered disturbed characters. The play, ‘Macbeth’ and poem, ‘My Last Duchess’ both show psychological truths and insights into the characters. While the Duke shows himself to be disturbed straight away in the poem, Macbeth’s mental deterioration takes place and develops as the play proceeds. ‘Macbeth’ written by William Shakespeare and set in 1050 contains themes of status, power and death while ‘My Last Duchess’ by Robert Browning written in 1842 shows how status, wealth and the marriage market can affect a man’s life. Macbeth at first is a well-respected and liked character. He shows himself to be ‘brave’ and is given the position of the ‘Thane of Cawdor’.†¦show more content†¦However as King, there is no-one who has a higher status than his which then leads Macbeth to associate with people of a lower class than the people he is obligated to. When talking to the murderers it is pointed out that ‘there is blood upon thy face’ which shows that Macbeth instigated the murder of a friends. The two scenes symbolise how Macbeth has become infatuated with power and is willing to do anything to keep it. This exhibits his obsessive nature. Macbeth’s use of language in Act 5, Scene 5 infers that life is pointless. He suggests that life until we die means nothing. ‘Creeps in this petty pace from day To the last syllable of recorded time.’ During this scene he finds out Lady Macbeth died, showing the extent that he relies on his wife. Shakespeare uses the scene to tell the audience that you can’t control destiny and what happens in life. This relates to his disturbed mind as he tried to control his destiny. An emphasis is put on the fact the word ‘tomorrow’ is repeated. It implies that Macbeth won’t have a ‘tomorrow.’ Shakespeare uses language to show how much Macbeth has changed throughout the play. At first he was a respected character and gradually becomes more disturbed. Thus scene suggests that he is essentially lost and resigned to his fate. The Duke however is a possessive and materialistic character. This is shown through the title ‘My Last Duchess’. ‘My’ displays how even

The Governments and States of Locke, Aquinas, and St....

In John Lockes Second Treatise of Government, he identifies a government that is of the peoples consent with his essential raison d#900;à ªtre being the preservation and protection of personal property. This type of government is extremely comparable with the type of government that St. Augustine describes in his work City of God, while at the same time contrasts the views of Aquinas in the ways a state should operate. The end goal of how each of these philosophers states purposes presents the greatest split between each of their philosophies. To understand how each of these philosophers states are similar and different from each other, a deeper analysis is necessary. The first and possibly most striking similarity between the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Locke argues that in order to have a legitimate set of laws, they must be based on very solid foundations which cannot be subject to argument. Such foundations would be the protection of property, as well as the preservation of an individuals personal rights and freedoms. The role of the government in the eyes of Locke is very simple. It is to protect the peace, safety, security, and public good of the people. Locke arrives at this conclusion from the reasoning behind leaving the state of nature and entering civil society. We leave the state of nature (perfect freedom and perfect equality) in order to be free from being infringed upon by others. Although we must give up some of our freedoms for protection, they are small compared to the benefits of protection that we receive from civil society. To simplify things, we can simply refer to the role of government as to protect our private property. This private property includes our lives, personal rights, and physical objects. In order for the government to be doing its job correctly, Locke believes that all three of these must be protected. Aquinas is contrary to Locke in the respect that he believes the primary role of the government is to make its citizens better people. Aquinas believes that the citizens of a state will become moral if they are repeatedly forced to abide by laws that are based on virtue.Show MoreRelated The Governments and States of Locke, Aquinas, and St. Augustine1375 Words   |  6 PagesLocke’s Second Treatise of Government, he identifies a government that is of the peoples consent with his essential raison damp;#900;à ªtre being the preservation and protection of personal property. This type of government is extremely comparable with the type of government that St. Augustine describes in his work City of God, while at the same time contrasts the views of Aquinas in the ways a state should operate. The end goal of how each of these philosophers’ states purposes presents the greatestRead MoreEuthanasia: An Ethical Dilemma Essay1810 Words   |  8 Pagesappropriate for a doctor? M ore so, euthanasia raises the argument of the different ideas that people have about the value of the human experience. Philosopher, Ezekial Emanuel, asserts that the ethical belief in the 19th and 20th century in the United States are reminiscent of those today, both in terms of content and ferocity. Emanuel adds that interest in euthanasia arose historically and predictably from (1) economic recession or movements of Social Darwinism; (2) doctors who engaged in a struggleRead MoreCatal Hyuk2725 Words   |  11 PagesHammurabi’s Codes/Laws Stele Assyrians Economic Specialization Stratified Patriarchal Society Elite, Commoner, Dependent, Slave Cuneiform Moses Polytheism Cross-Cultural Interaction Cross-Cultural Exchange Semitic City-state Hammurabi Indo-Europeans Hittites Hanging Gardens of Babylon Bronze and Iron Metallurgy Pastoral Nomads Hebrews, Israelites, Jews Abraham Monotheism Phoenicians MAP: Oceans Seas Continents Indian SubcontinentRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesethical truths, and how such truths could be known. Ethics is also associated with the idea of morality. Platos early dialogues include a search for definitions of virtue. †¢ Political philosophy is the study of government and the relationship of individuals and communities to the state. It includes questions about justice, the good, law, property, and the rights and obligations of the citizen. †¢ Aesthetics deals with beauty, art, enjoyment, sensory-emotional values, perception, and matters of

Julius Caesar A Man Who Came, Saw And Conquered

Julius Caesar: A Man Who Came, Saw and Conquered Julius Caesar. A man who united half of the world. A man who ruled half of the world. A man whose motives to become a leader are lost to mystery. A man who was murdered by his own senators. This is the story of this man. A story of his rise and brief, but deadly, fall. Julius Caesar was a brave hero who made the Roman Republic into the larger Roman Empire. To begin this story, we must begin at the beginning. Gaius Julius Caesar was born into the Julii family, an old and ancient family. His father was the elder Gaius Julius Caesar, and his mother was Lucius Aurelius Cotta. The new baby also had two sisters, Julia Major, and Julia Minor. Since his father died when Caesar was sixteen, Gaius Julius Caesar Junior had to be a man of the house and provide for his family. At sixteen Caesar was also nominated to be made chief priest of Jupiter, and soon married his uncle’s friend’s daughter, Cornelia Cinna. Caesar’s uncle, Gaius Marius was hostile with the current dictator, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, and Sulla had decided to extend his wrath to Caesar by stripping him of all his property, his and his wife’s, and his priesthood. Sulla also ordered Caesar to divorce his wife, but Caesar refused to and decided to flee Rome to serve under Marcus Minucius Thermus in the Roman military force in Asia. After Sulla’sShow MoreRelatedCatcher And The Twins, Romulus And Remus1715 Words   |  7 Pagesbrought in Paul. â€Å"Oh, hello, Paul, you came! Please, sit down right here.† I showed him to the lectus imus, or the low couch. This is where I, the host, would sit, along with a few other guests. â€Å"You may sit next to me during the meal.† He smiled and nodded politely. â€Å"Yes, alright. I am honored.† He sat down on the couch while I waited for the rest of the guests to come. Next came in Aeneas and the twins, Romulus and Remus. The twins were already bickering about who took whose sword. 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He lived to be 76 years of age, there are many conspiracies that say his wife may have poisoned him, butRead MoreThe Exciting and Interesting Life of Mark Anthony in the Play, Julius Caesar866 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout the play of Julius Caesar, Mark Antony has shown multiple times the sides of him more in history and sometimes more of just a character. Mark Antony has had a very exciting and most interesting life. He has been through the thick and thin; the deaths of friends, loved ones, spouses, and so much more. It is pretty amazing that one person could conquer so much in a single lifetime. The history of Mark Antony is one of the most important parts of the history of Rome. 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Commitment Compensation Practices and Employee †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Commitment Compensation Practices and Employee. Answer: Introduction Uniqlo is a Japanese company. It was founded in year 1949 in Ube,Yamaguchi, Japan. It turned into wholly owned subsidiary of Fast retailing company since November 2005. The company deals in clothes apparel sector. The companys headquarters are at Minato, Tokio. Today the company deals in various markets across the globe. Today the company has over 1000 stores and emerged as a global brand. The company is constantly committed to bring about a change, diversity and challenging the conventions. The research and development centres of the company constantly invest to know about the different fashions of the world, lifestyles and materials. The company always tries to hire designers who have the capability to change the world. The company increases its sales by doing promotional campaigns for the major products each season. Uniqlo team has different cultures at different places across the globe but the aim of every team is same that is to provide truly great products (Uniqlo, 2017). The c ompany human resource practices effectively designed to maintain a balance between organisational goals and individual goals. This report studies in detail two international human resource functions recruitment selection and rewards and compensation. These functions are studied in consideration with Japan as home country and Malaysia as host country. It also analyses human resource practices and policies of the firm including the global human resource strategy and the ways to manage the workforce overseas. International recruitment and selection Recruitment involves allowing attracting pool of talent to the company and selection is choosing the best suited option from available alternatives. Both recruitment and selection come under the function of staffing (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). Staffing is one of the most important concerns for every organisation. In the multinational organisation the problem is more complex. The firm has to decide whether to recruit locally or from some foreign subsidiary. According to Dowling (2008), international staffing is based on four approaches that are ethnocentric, polycentric, regiocentric and geocentric. The approach adopted by firm determines the recruitment and selection criteria for the firm. Uniqlo has recently changes its recruitment and selection strategy for home country Japan. In 2011 December the company replaced its conventional style of recruitment. The companys new recruitment procedure was enforced from year 2013. This new procedure invited fresh graduates as well as mid- carrier professionals. The procedure is open for the people of every nationality. The change from conventional style to modern style basically focuses on the needs of the individual rather than just the aims of company. Uniqlo has now kept the procedure more transparent and gives ample of time to the individuals to figure out and make decisions about their carrier goals. The company will prefer those candidates for selection who share companys vision of changing the world (Japan today, 2011). The company is also focused towards providing internships. The company believes that internships are an effective way of training the students. The students who will successfully complete their will receiv e Uniqlo passports. This passport will help the students to skip the final interview procedure Japan (Fastretailing, 2011). The major reason why the company has widened its approach towards recruitment and selection is the need for diversity. The company wants talented workforce from everywhere that holds the potential for change should be the part of its workforce. The company has brought more transparency in the recruitment and selection procedure to give equal opportunity to everyone. The procedure of registering the application to work for the company includes three basic steps. These steps are pre entry, this entry and entry completed (Fastretailing, 2017). The recruitment in Malaysia is based on UMC. In the company UMC stands for Uniqlos manager candidates. The company aims to build up managerial candidates. The company exposes the candidates to all types of positions involving merchandising, local marketing, inventory management and different store operations (Fastretailing, 2017). The companys selection procedure for Malaysia involves the following steps: the initial screening and rejects few candidates whom the company finds inappropriate. In this session company imparts all the necessary information to the candidates about the organisation and type of work they are required to do. This is a test which involves some questions that has to be answered in the written format online. After the online test shortlisted candidates are called for the first round interview. After being selected in the first round interview candidates are called for the real job experience. Their performance is observed for two days. After been shortlisted on the basis of performance the candidates are then called for another round of interview. This is the final round for selection. Uniqlo in Malaysia recruits the candidates on the basis of their qualities. The basic qualities that company aspires for are strong leadership skills, the capability to inspire others by example, global thinking, passionate towards serving the customers, team player, maintains integrity, creativity and innovation, pays attention to microscopic details and result oriented. The job requirements for various posts in Malaysia are efficiency in speaking English and Bahasa Malaysia, bachelors degree, ability to relocate throughout Malaysia , flexibility to work in shifts and multi-tasking. Reward and Compensation Rewards can be defined as the extra benefit that a person gets for the extraordinary effort done by the employee. They are given to encourage voluntary participation (Aguinis, Joo, and Gottfredson 2013) Compensation involves entire package i.e. both monetary and non-monetary benefits that an employee receives for his regular job (Rubel and Kee, 2015). The basic objective of rewards and compensation is to attract and retain talented employees in the organisation. For international rewards and compensation firm can adopt two approaches. These approaches are going rate approach and balance sheet approach. In going rate approach the firm pays according to rates existing in the host country. In balance sheet concept the company pays to equate the living standard of emigrant to that in the home country. The company adopting this approach constantly needs to update its data regarding living cost and revise its compensation plan accordingly (Harzing and Pinnington, 2014). Uniqlo pays it employees well both in home and host country. In Japan the companys minimum wages for part- timers were around $15 hourly. Also the raises in the salary are very frequent in the company. The employees who perform really well are given hike in salary for about 2-3 times in a year. The company is also increasing the number of paid leaves (Moreshead, 2012). The company always aims to provide competitive salaries to employees throughout the globe to retain and attract competitive workforce in the organisation. The company never forgets to give employees equitable rewards and recognition to the employees for their extraordinary efforts. Evaluation of International Human Resource Management practices and procedures: Formation of any strategy for MNEs is challenging task because it involves issues such as difference in social values, moral standards, laws of the country and other institutional settings. Developing a global strategy is even more challenging because issues such as workforce diversity, labour standards and equal opportunities are also to be considered (Harzing and Pinnington, 2014). For the firms doing businesses in various countries it is very important to formulate a global human resource strategy because human resource leaders are responsible for managing the global talent across the nations (Alton, 2016). Few steps must be adopted to build an effective HRM strategy. These steps are as follows: The first and foremost step is to reduce favouritism for local nationals. Every employee should be equally treated. Identify your key activities and assign positions to people that hold responsibility to perform those tasks. Build a global database to know about the about the global talent that could cater you. Construct a mobility pyramid by knowing the willingness of managers to move to new locations. Build a database of managerial potential that your company holds. Identify the gaps in current skills and required skills of executives. Recruit on regular basis. Advertise your posts internally. Institute succession planning. Challenge and retain your talent. Uniqlo is a subsidiary of Fast Retailing. The Global human resource strategy of Fast Retailing group focuses on work force diversity. They consider human rights as priority in their strategy. The company makes efforts to ensure equal opportunity for all. The same can be seen in the selection and recruitment policy of the company. No partiality is seen for any particular group. The company aims to create healthy atmosphere for employees at workplace so that it can promote creativity and innovation in the organisation. The work environment also aims at creating work life balance for employees. The company also make sure that employees are credited for what they do. The global human resource strategy of the firm aims at creating a supportive environment for employees to retain them in the organisation. Manage their people overseas: Managing people overseas have to be done with much care. Company has to look for three Cs basically to manage staff overseas these Cs are common sense, courtesy and culture. The basic steps for the companies to effectively manage their overseas staff are get the basics right, do not over manage, plan direct communication, companywide communication, being sensitive to local cultures and effective problem solving (PM editorial, 2007). UNIQLO effectively manages its staff by valuing human rights and diversity. The company ensures that effective communication is maintained within the branch and with different offices when required. The company equally values the social and cultural beliefs of all the employees. It does special efforts for empowering womens with disabilities. The company always brings changes in its human resource system according to the diversity. The company also ensures well-being and safety of employees in the organisation. The company trains individuals to work better by organising regular training and development workshops. The company does every possible effort to solve the problems of employees as soon as possible. The workforce of th e company across different nations is effectively managed. Conclusion Following are the recommendations that can help Uniqlo to achieve better. One of the basic thing that company needs to is ensure transfer of knowledge among people from different cultures in the organisation. The next recommendation is to consider the strategic vision. The company has already started doing that but it needs to do more to link organisations strategy to the human resource strategy. The company needs to appoint local managers for different offices in different countries so that they can better understand the demands of situation in their native country. The next thing that company should focus on is conflict resolution and troubleshooting as quickly as possible. From the above report it can be concluded that Uniqlo is an organisation showing positive signs of growth and expansion. The company is expanding its businesses across different nations. It is a Japan based organisation and entered Malaysian markets in 2010. It also has operation in various other nations. The company focus on geocentric approach of staffing. It changed its conventional style of recruitment and selection few years ago in Japan. Now the recruitment procedure for both host and home country is more clear and transparent. The company has now opened the doors for people of all the nations. It welcomes freshly graduated students and people who have 2-3 years of experience. The company also follows fair reward and compensation system. The company offers competitive salaries to its employees. It ensures that employees are given rewards and recognition for their extraordinary efforts. The global human resource strategy of the company keeps diversity as the core value. The comp any takes good care of its employees. The company effectively manages its people in different nations. It believes on three key terms Communication, courtesy and consideration to effectively manage its workforce References Aguinis, H., Joo, H. and Gottfredson, R.K., 2013. What monetary rewards can and cannot do: How to show employees the money.Business Horizons,56(2), pp.241-249. Alton, L. 2016. Create a Global Human Resources Strategy, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www.adp.com/spark/articles/create-a-global-human-resources-strategy-7-960 Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Dowling, P., 2008.International human resource management: Managing people in a multinational context. Cengage Learning. Fast retailing, 2011. UNIQLO Adopts New Approach to Recruitment in Japan, viewed on 20 August 2017 https://www.fastretailing.com/eng/group/news/1112201700.html Fastretailing, 2017. WEB entry, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www.fastretailing.com/employment/ja/uniqlo/jp/career/regional/webentry.html Fastretailing, 2017. What is UMC, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www.fastretailing.com/employment/en/uniqlo/my/graduate/ Harzing, A.W., and Pinnington, A., 2014. International Human Resource Management. Sage. Japan today, 2011. UNIQLO adopts new approach to recruitment in Japan, viewed on 20 August 2017 https://japantoday.com/category/business/uniqlo-adopts-new-approach-to-recruitment-in-japan Moreshead, C., 2012. What Apple Could Learn From The Way Uniqlo Treats Its Staff, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www.businessinsider.com/what-apple-could-learn-from-the-way-uniqlo-treats-its-staff-2012-6?IR=T PM editorial, 2017. People management, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www2.cipd.co.uk/pm/peoplemanagement/b/weblog/archive/2013/01/29/howtomanagestaffonoverseasplacements-2007-04.aspx Rubel, M.R.B. and Kee, D.M.H., 2015. High Commitment Compensation Practices and Employee Turnover Intention: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(6 S4), p.321. Uniqlo, 2017. Our story, viewed on 20 August 2017 from https://www.uniqlo.com/uk/en/company/about_uniqlo.html

Fayols Management Theories

Merits and Demerits of Police Identification Essay Example

Merits and Demerits of Police Identification Essay Example Merits and Demerits of Police Identification Essay Merits and Demerits of Police Identification Essay ?Discuss any four types of police identification parade emphasizing on their respective merits and short comings. Police identification parade can be referred to as a situation whereby suspects believed to have committed a crime are presented or lined-up for witnesses to identify if indeed the one or group of persons who committed the crime is amongst the line-up. This method is used inorder to help the police confirm if indeed suspect did commit the crime. There are several ways in which police identification parades can be conducted. Depending on the type of situation and resources available for use; be it human or technological will most preferably assist the police on what methods to put in (type of identification parade). When police forces are carrying out their functions, they also have a duty to have regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, harassment and victimisation and to take steps to foster good relations. The main focus of my study is to address only four of these identification parades and analyze into detail their main objectives and discuss their merits and where they fall short. Some of the identification parades we know of may weigh in different levels with regards to effectiveness. Others are judged to be more effective whiles some others are least effective. In this code, identification by an eye-witness arises when a witness who has seen the offender committing the crime and is given an opportunity to identify a person suspected of involvement in the offence in a video identification or similar procedure. From a legal point of view the question that an identification parade attempts to answer is whether the suspect is in fact the culprit. First of all, I would like to discuss about the ‘video identification’. With this method, suspects are kept in a confined area or room under a surveillance camera. A ‘video identification’ is when the witness is shown moving images of a known suspect, together with similar images of others who resemble the suspect. Sometimes in absence of the videos photographs of assumed suspects are shown to the witness to help identify the culprit. Even though it is sometimes useful, it is not the best since it shows still-life images which shows only one sided angle on the view of things and thereby makes it difficult for identification. The video is more advantageous in suspect identification because since there are moving images and gives different angles on the view of things. Examples are; the different kinds of expressions and mood swings exhibited by, the witness can easily identify the suspect if indeed he o she is part. These eye-witness identification procedures are designed to test an eye witness’ ability to identify suspects and to provide safeguards against mistaken identity. Secondly, the identification parade that will be considered here is the ‘line-up’. With this procedure, suspects are arranged or lined up for witnesses to view and see which of them are or is the culprit. Here, the police officer in charge instructs the suspects to turn to whichever direction the witness asks. The witness is therefore asked to point out to the real culprit(s) who indeed committed the crime. Since this is an open parade, things could get complicated and physical in the sense that, if the witness pin points the suspect, and tempers are not calm, the suspect might step forward and harass the witness physically. In some cases, witnesses might be forced to give false data when they stare directly into faces of the suspects. Some suspects make facial expressions which are very threatening to witnesses and therefore conclude that the witness is not part of the parade for fear for their life. In other cases too, the witness might point to the wrong person who also has an appearance like that of a criminal (shabbily dressed, muscular, bony face, black lips) . Also depending on the type of question the witness is asked, he or she might give false information. Example: if the police asks; â€Å"which of them attacked you or committed the offence? † the witness is implied to just chose a suspect even if, the real culprit is not among the parade. Such questions are imperatives which do not really ask a direct question but instead expects you to comply or conform. Apart from this method shortcoming, there is no doubt that it’s sometimes reliable. Thirdly, identifications can be carried out by using a one-way mirror which is a better procedure as compared to that of the open line-ups. With this method, suspects are lined up in a room which is much secured with glass windows from which the witness can have a clear view of all the suspects present. The windows here are made of glass which are tinted, so suspects do not see whatever that goes on outside but the witness who is outside the room sees all that goes on inside. Identification of culprit(s) becomes difficult for the witness if suspects are dressed in almost the same way and there is the chance that, there exist some similarities between any of the suspects, especially when the culprit is involved. Also not all eye witness’ have very good memeory when it comes to facial recognition. Furthermore, there is the sort of identification which has to do with verbal recognition. Here, different set of audio recordings of different suspects are selected and then played for the witness to identify the culprit. This method is only used in critical situations where the witness did not see the suspect but heard the person speak. This could be difficult for the witness to identify especially when the tapes been played are similar. Sometimes too, the suspect is kept in a confined room with a recording device and is asked by the police to mention specific words suggested by the witness. These words are sometimes the ones the witness heard the suspect say at the time of the incident. In conclusion to the above procedures, the police force can put in severe measures that could enhance or yield positive and effective results to make their work much easier and simpler. There are also instances whereby two or more procedures of identification are incorporated into one to help solve cases which are very delicate and special.

PTSD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PTSD - Essay Example Biological Basis of PTSD Some researchers suggest that there is a biological basis for PTSD but others are not sure whether there is a connection or not. According to Moisse (2011) a new study has shown that there is some type of biological connection. According to the new study, researchers had previously found that there is a connection between a hormone-like molecule called PACAP and the brain's ability to respond to stress. The researchers checked the PACAP levels and found that they were higher in people with PTSD. The challenge for this research was that this connection related only to women. These researchers also looked at how PACAP impacted fear in women. They found that a genetic encoding called PAC1 was more present in women who had PTSD and high levels of PACAP, also had this gene which is a gene that responds to estrogen. The researchers believe that this is a first step I helping find a way to predict who will get PTSD (Moisse, 2011). According to Howard and Crandall (2 007) the systems that are most used in PTSD are the autonomic system and the sympathetic systems. The autonomic system regulates the basic body systems without us thinking about it. The sympathetic system controls the handles our reaction to the "fight or flight" condition while the parasympathetic system works on physical symptoms like slowing the heart down, stimulating digestion and constricting the pupils of the eyes. The hippocampus of the brain remains in a state of "high alert" so that it can bring the body into a familiar state of what happened in similar threats from the past. In so doing, it will also overproduce the hormone, cortisol along with other "neuro-excitatory transmitters" and hippocampal cells will "degenerate and eventually die" (Trappler, 2010, p. 1). The brain and the other symptoms react very quickly as the individual is having a PTSD experience. The Video Reaction to Stress In the video, The Soldier's Heart many soldiers spoke about how they reacted to stre ss. It was clear that not only were their physical reactions to stress but also psychological ones. Many soldiers spoke about the physical symptoms of seeing things or hearing things that were not in their present life. They also spoke about becoming angry, depressed and attempting to ignore what they were feeling. Once soldier talked about crying uncontrollably and spending times just staring into space. The psychological aspects of PTSD were more devastating for the soldiers in the video because they were not allowed to talk about them. They stated that the military expects them to be able to handle what happened to them without assistance from counseling. The challenge is that many soldiers saw people die in front of them or had to kill people they did not know. These soldiers who were in Iraq stated that they found themselves drinking more frequently and drinking more alcohol than was normal for them, not wanting to be around people and talking more about Iraq to anyone who woul d listen. These psychological issues often created more challenges for them as they went through their lives. One soldier committed suicide by hanging himself with a garden hose because of his feelings about killing an innocent Iraqi woman. The challenge for the military is that up until recently, they were not doing anything to treat

Research Paper on the Aztecs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Research Paper on the Aztecs - Essay Example Before settling near the southern edge of modern Mexico, the Aztecs were a group of semi-nomadic people with weak political powers and a notably fragmented identity1. A small part of the colorful politics of the area at the time, the Aztecs were actually driven into the highlands by other more powerful nations and for a few centuries they lived relatively peaceably with their neighbors, much differently than the society we envision now as the Aztecs: a violent and powerful group motivated by gold, wealth and bloodthirsty gods. In truth, it took at least 200 years for the Aztecs to work their way into a position of relative authority throughout southern Mexico, and this was accomplished with "judicious diplomacy, discreet military alliance, and well-timed royal marriages"2. Another factor in the rise of the nation was the capital city, Tenochtitlan, which now lies buried under Mexico City. Tenochtitlan was founded several hundred years before the Aztecs held control of their part of M exico, and as it grew so did the nation. The first grip the Aztecs held on their counterparts was via their city as an important marketing town, since people from all around would come to trade with each other and indeed relied on Tenochtitlan for their livelihoods. Through slow and deliberate state movement within the military, surrounding governments and the royal family, the Aztecs found themselves an undeniably powerful position within local and surrounding politics during the 14th and 15th centuries, thereafter undertaking a drastic change in policy that saw them become an unquestioned ruling force that we recognize from Spanish accounts. Ironically, the Aztec nation had only just become a society of an elite ruling class, with a vaguely centralized economy catering primarily to Tenochtitlan from countless surrounding villages and towns when the Spanish happened upon it. There is no telling where the society might have taken itself without the destructive influence of the Spanish, although given the history of the area historians are in a general consensus that like the Maya and Toltec nations, the Aztecs were doomed to fall victim to their own bad economic planning. In fact, such innately fragile forces have actually been cited as the rea son that the Spanish found their conquering party so successful3. One of the most persistent legends of the Aztecs is that of human sacrifice; the practice is often alluded to modern literature and television, and this is largely responsible for our contemporary view of the Aztecs as violent and barbaric. The stories come from the Spanish accounts of their enemies, with graphic scenes described where Aztec rulers marched their victims up the steep steps of a pyramid and laid them out, slitting their chests and pulling their hearts out by hand. The gruesome scene must have made some impression on the Europeans, and it does still affect us greatly today when we have hundreds of years safely separating us from the event. There can be little doubt that human sacrifice was carried out by the Aztecs since the remains of the victims is estimated at the hundreds of thousands by excavators and historic documents. What researchers really

Money should be the primary consideration in the selection of one’s career Essay Example for Free

Money should be the primary consideration in the selection of one’s career Essay Young people generally start thinking about their future career when they are still at school, by making the right choice of subjects to study. What the financial package of their dream career is may not be important at that stage, but it certainly becomes a relevant consideration later on. However, how important this consideration is varies from one person to another. On the one hand, financial gain is definitely a factor one should consider when choosing a career. There is no denying that the salary is one of the top priorities when people start looking for a job. Most people start to take on the responsibility for the cost of living when they leave school, and it is of great importance to find a job with a higher salary, even though working hours might be longer than in other occupations. Moreover, these positions may have numerous potentials, such as a chance for promotion, training opportunity, a good work environment, and reputation. Having money also helps one gain his independence, for instance, maintaining a family, buying a house, paying rent, travelling around the world. Money is also necessary to buy basic utilities such as food and water, and it also aids to secure your home from theft. On the other hand, many people do not, and should not, focus on this factor as the main one. Salaries should not be the most important factor in choosing a career. People may neglect many other things that are worth to pursue in ones life if they consider money to be the most important factor in choosing a career. In fact, many people choose to fulfil their life goals and give up the job opportunity with the highest salary. For one thing, being engaged with the job you love can let you work in a pleasurable atmosphere in order to enhance your work efficiency. People can gain more satisfaction once they achieve their goals. Not only that, but focusing primarily on money when selecting a career ignores the concept that making money is not the reason most of us get jobs, but rather a means of obtaining material goods and services and of achieving important goals, such as providing security for oneself and one’s family, lifelong learning, freedom to travel or to pursue hobbies. Acknowledging the distinction, one may select a career on the basis of money, since more money can buy more goods and services as well as the security, freedom, and time to enjoy them. It does not mean that everybody should regard it as the most important factor in life. After all, money is just a way satisfy our basic life needs. All in all, I think the best career choice is the combination of personal interests and financial benefits. If people choose a career that they do not like, they may be impatient when they are at work. Only in doing what they like or have interests in, can people improve their working productivity and performance.

Logic & Perception :: essays research papers

Logic can be defined as the subject that teaches the rules for correct and proper reasoning or in simpler terms, it can be best described as common sense. Some refer to the "science" of logic but logic is really more than just a science. The science part â€Å"is the knowledge of the principles, laws, and methods of logic itself.† (Dolhenty, J; 2002). Logic must be put into action or else the knowledge provided within the science of logic is of little use. â€Å"We can, therefore, also speak of the "art" of logic, that is, the practical application of the science of logic to our everyday affairs.† (Dolhenty, J; 2002). Logic is not only intended to inform or instruct; it is also meant to assist in the proper use of our power of reasoning. As such, we can speak of logic as both a science and an art, a practical art meant to be applied in our everyday interactions. Critical thinking is the method used when deciding rationally what or what not to believe. It can simply be described as the process for the use of reason in the pursuit of the truth. When thinking critically one must assess all assumptions for validity and appropriateness using our logic as a basis. Although the two concepts are closely tied, it is possible for a person to be logical but not be thinking critically. In this paper we will discuss the nature of logic and how it relates to critical thinking. Logic and Critical Thinking Critical thinking involves knowledge of the science of logic, including how to analyze information and using corrective reasoning. To think critically one must understand the source and nature of knowledge and the nature of truth. Critical thinking is the basis of the science of logic and logic is that branch of knowledge which reflects upon the nature of thinking itself. The key to thinking critically is applying logic in the process. This can often become hard to do as we find it difficult to separate out perception from reality. Perception Perception is â€Å"the process by which people select, organize, interpret, retrieve and respond to the information from the world around them.† (Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborn, 2003; p.2). Perceptions are our way of forming opinions about ourselves, others and everyday experiences. They serve as a filter through which information passes before it has an effect. Since perceptions are created based on everyday experience or interactions, it is feasible to deduct that we create numerous perceptions about various subjects everyday.

Gifted And Talented Children Education Essay

What methods of proviso for immature gifted and talented kids can be implemented in Early Old ages scenes, and how good are these methods to the kids ‘s development? The term ‘gifted and talented ‘ ( GAT ) is seldom used in relation to Early Old ages ( EY ) scenes. This is chiefly because proviso for GAT kids has, historically talking, focused preponderantly on higher degrees of instruction ( Gross, 1999 ) . However, the necessity of catering for the societal, emotional and cognitive demands of GAT kids in EY scenes is besides extremely of import, for two chief grounds. First, on a professional degree, all EY practicians must follow with authorities statute law sing the proviso for GAT kids. Second, and every bit significantly, on a personal degree, it is at this early phase of a kid ‘s life that their development progresses the most quickly ( George, 2003 ) . Therefore, if the kid ‘s ability can be foremost identified, and so nurtured through appropriate proviso, so, because the kid ‘s head is more waxy at this clip, the likeliness of successfully developing their precocious gift or endowment will increase as a effe ct. This raises a cardinal issue: the inquiry of what constitutes being ‘gifted and talented ‘ . Harmonizing to the Department for Children, Schools and Families ( DCSF ) , kids classified as being gifted and talented ‘have one or more abilities developed to a degree significantly in front of their twelvemonth group ‘ ( DCSF, 2009 ) . This construct is extended by Renzulli ( 1998 ) , who formulated a ‘three pealing construct of giftedness ‘ based on his research into the discernible features of kids who displayed illustrations of ‘gifted behavior ‘ . He surmised that, in add-on to the above facet of above mean ability, there must besides be elements of creativeness and undertaking committedness displayed by the kid in order for their behavior to be described as ‘gifted ‘ . The above brief definitions of what it means for a kid to be regarded as ‘gifted and talented ‘ , while valid in wide educational footings, do however present cardinal jobs when used to turn to this issue in relation to early old ages scenes. With respect to Renzulli ‘s definition affecting creativeness and undertaking committedness, these elements may non be immediately evident in the kid ‘s actions due to the societal and emotional immatureness of the kid at such a immature age. Harmonizing to Fowler ( 1999 ) , this is because the kid ‘s rational ability has progressed at a much faster rate than other cardinal developmental factors. Consequently, this could take to behavioral, emotional and societal troubles until this instability has been corrected. Furthermore, with respect to the DCSF definition refering above mean ability, because the kid has had small or no experience of formal instruction at this phase, it is hard, on an official degree, to set u p how far in front of the ‘developmental curve ‘ ( Raty et al, 2002 ) the kid is. When a kid first enters an EY scene, their ability will non hold been officially assessed prior to entry, so an EY practician would ab initio be incognizant of the kid ‘s gift or endowment. This leads to an underpinning issue sing the successful holistic development of immature GAT kids: the designation of their peculiar strength ( or combination of strengths ) at this early phase. Some of the indexs that could mean that a kid is gifted and talented include being able to read books intend for much older kids, holding a well wider vocabulary than might be expected at this early phase, or making exceeding graphics for their age, amongst many others. Many of these indexs are comparatively simple to place, even at this early phase of the kid ‘s development. However, troubles could originate for practicians in the early designation of these abilities. It can be argued that some abilities are harder to place than others. For illustration, a kid with extremely advanced verbal accomplishments has an ability that would be more immediately evident to a practician than one with an exceeding memory for their age. However, to take this thought a phase farther, if a kid has, for case, hapless motor accomplishments or a limited vocabulary, the possibility, however, still exists that their gift or endowment prevarications in another developmental country. Sutherland ( 20 06 ) argues that ‘it is this diverseness that makes designation so hard ‘ . In these instances, it is imperative to look beyond the obvious, as these hitherto latent abilities may merely necessitate the right state of affairs or undertaking to trip their outgrowth and subsequent designation. On the other manus, these abilities can frequently attest themselves long before a kid even enters early old ages instruction ( Sankar-DeLeeuw, 2002 ) . During this really early phase of babyhood, the kid may already exhibit marks of advanced reading and speech production accomplishments. These can be ‘a powerful forecaster of remarkably high rational ability ‘ ( Gross, 1999 ) . The of import point to bear in head is that these abilities will already hold been observed by the kid ‘s parents before the kid enters any EY scene. Parents can take an active function in fostering their kid ‘s development, by, for illustration, playing simple word or figure games with them. Furthermore, harmonizing to research by Koshy and Robinson ( 2006 ) , immature GAT kids frequently have sufficient motive degrees to prosecute their involvements with a grade of independency, after the initial parental engagement. These observations and subsequent engagements can go a focal point of treatment between parents and EY practicians refering the continuance of the kid ‘s development in the scene. This besides marks the start of the key relationship between the parents and the practician, who can join forces to seek to guarantee that the kid ‘s demands are met every bit to the full as possible. These parental and professional positions, with the possibility of uniting the two in partnership, are important in the early designation of immature kids ‘s precocious abilities. Although the importance of this procedure with respect to the kid is undeniable, the issue remains that this is merely the first measure towards the kid carry throughing their potency in their country or countries of strength. George ( 2003 ) argues that merely the ‘potential for giftedness ‘ exists in immature kids. In order for this aptitude to be developed every bit to the full as possible, an ‘optimal environment ‘ must be provided by any early old ages puting. This straight illustrates the following measure: the necessity to provide for such kids with child-centred, age-appropriate and individualized proviso. By and large talking, EY scenes do non specifically refer to gifted and talented proviso in their functionary policy certification. This can be attributed to the fact that, harmonizing to the DCSF ( 2009 ) : ‘there is no specific counsel ( sing the gifted and talented ) for the Early Years ‘ . However, all scenes are lawfully obliged to follow with the rules contained within the Early Years Foundation Stage ( EYFS ) Framework. Some of these rules are per se relevant to providing for immature GAT kids: in peculiar, ‘Observation, Assessment and Planning ‘ , ‘Supporting Every Child ‘ and ‘The Learning Environment ‘ . These all autumn under the subject of ‘Enabling Environments ‘ . ( DCSF, 2009 ) These specific criterions entitle all kids, irrespective of ability, to hold their single educational demands met by EY practicians through a procedure of careful planning and individualized proviso in an inclusive scene. In the instanc e of immature GAT kids, this system promotes ‘developmentally appropriate ‘ and child-centred pattern ( Harrison, 2000 ) . This underpins all methods of GAT proviso: by providing for the kids ‘s identified countries of advanced ability, EY practicians can supply acquisition experiences where immature kids can heighten their bing accomplishments, prosecute their single involvements, and besides, to a certain extent, start to take duty for their ain acquisition, even at this early phase of their instruction. There are several different methods of proviso for GAT kids across all educational phases. However, some of these are inappropriate for much younger kids to be put through, and impractical for EY practicians to implement. A noteworthy illustration of this is ability grouping, the use of which is preponderantly restricted to secondary school instruction and the latter phases of primary instruction. This method is clearly impracticable as a probationary scheme for younger kids, for a assortment of grounds. Learning is less curriculum-based and more play-based ; the kids will non hold been officially assessed ; and it is unjust on ethical evidences. Conversely, some methods of proviso are more appropriate for the educational demands of immature GAT kids. Three in peculiar base out: acceleration ( cited in Cuikerhorn et Al, 2007 ) , extension ( cited in Meador, 1996 ; Sankar-DeLeeuw, 2002 ; Distin, 2006 ) , and enrichment ( cited in Gross, 1999 ; George, 2003 ; Koshy and Robinson, 2006 ) . In overall footings, acceleration increases the gait of the kids ‘s acquisition ; extension increases the deepness of larning in a specific country or subject ; and enrichment increases the comprehensiveness of larning across a scope of countries or subjects. Moltzen ( 2006 ) states that these methods of proviso have distinction at their nucleus: acceleration and extension are types of quantitative distinction, while enrichment is a type of qualitative distinction. Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages non merely for the cognitive development of immature GAT kids, but besides, every bit significantly, for their societal a nd emotional development. It is critical for EY practicians to make a socially and emotionally supportive environment within the puting if any of these methods are to hold any step of success in providing for the kids ‘s educational demands. Acceleration, in wide footings, involves traveling through the course of study at a faster gait than would usually be expected for a kid of that age. It typically involves take parting in activities and undertakings relevant to a higher twelvemonth group, accompanied by traveling to higher twelvemonth groups to work with older kids. These processs are comparatively common in the United States of America, but are rarely used in the United Kingdom at this early phase ( Koshy and Casey, 1997 ) . These procedures of ‘fast-tracking ‘ and ‘accelerated larning ‘ are advocated in the 1997 ‘Excellence in Schools ‘ White Paper* ( cited in DCSF, 2009 ) as a manner to ‘stretch the most able ‘ . However, from an early old ages position, this scheme would merely be used in instances where the kid ‘s ability in a peculiar country is so far in front of their age group that this becomes the lone practical solution, although this step would merely be necessary for a really little per centum of immature GAT kids. For these choice few, the premier benefit of this method of proviso is that they can work at a degree that is tailored to their single demands, which, in bend, will increase their motive and overall educational satisfaction degrees. Harmonizing to research by Gross ( 1999 ) , they accordingly tend to ‘perform every bit good as or better than their older schoolmates ‘ . Another educational benefit is that many immature GAT kids find it easier to associate to older kids because they are more closely matched, both intellectually and in footings of their scope of involvements ( Distin, 2006 ) . However, a contrasting position is held by Cuikerhorn et Al ( 2007 ) , who emphasises that working with a higher age group can take to societal isolation from kids of their ain age. As mentioned before, immature GAT kids, though by and large better developed cognitively and academically than other kids of the same age, are still at the same societal and emotional developmental phase as their equals. Therefore, it is important that they portion experiences, peculiarly play-related 1s, with them excessively: this is an of import facet of childhood. Furthermore, acceleration can increase the force per unit area on kids to move more maturely faster than they are able to get by with, both socially and emotionally. It could be argued that it is unjust to enforce such an outlook on really immature kids. Extension is the 2nd method of proviso to see. Broadly speech production, this involves immature GAT kids take parting in activities and undertakings suited for most kids of that age, but with some distinguishable versions to provide for their more advanced academic demands. One noteworthy type of version is kids ‘s engagement in open-ended activities, devised by the EY practician, that stem from an initial stimulation. A good illustration of such a undertaking was observed by Meador ( 1996 ) in an EY scene. The original activity for all kids was to make their ain ‘ant hill bite ‘ by distributing peanut butter over a vanilla wafer with a fictile knife, so puting three raisin emmets on it, and eventually eating it. The drawn-out activity for the GAT kids was to be after to do ant hills for five kids, so to work out how many vanilla wafers and raisins they would necessitate to make this, and eventually to explicate their reply to the practician. In this case, the draw n-out undertaking is open-ended because there are multiple agencies of happening the replies ( Meador, 1996 ) ; kids could, for illustration, draw images of the wafers and the ‘ants ‘ and number them on the piece of paper, or by utilizing items or their fingers. This highlights a cardinal facet of extension: the manner in which undertakings can be designed to develop and dispute the kids ‘s mind. This issue of challenge is of import for two chief grounds. First, when they are working at a degree that better suits their demands, this can hold a positive consequence on their motive and undertaking committedness. Second, if they are able to finish a more ambitious activity, they can derive a sense of accomplishment from it, which will in bend aid to hike their assurance and self-belief. Extension undertakings besides have the capacity to let GAT kids, even at an early age, to utilize more advanced degrees of thought accomplishments ( Bloom, 1985, cited in George, 2003 ) . Taking the activity above as an illustration, they progress from the relatively simple cognitive procedure of following instructions in the first portion, to the more complex cognitive procedures of job resolution and explicating a pick of attack in the 2nd portion. If these more advanced acquisition accomplishments can be developed through extension at this early phase, the kid will be far better prepared for later degrees of schooling where these accomplishments become a necessity in more formal schoolroom state of affairss ( Goodhew, 2009 ) . However, the method of extension as a method of proviso has some possible drawbacks. If the immature GAT kids are being invariably extended, so the danger exists that this focal point on more ambitious activities may take to the disregard of cardinal accomplishments and rights. In the early old ages, every kid, irrespective of ability, ‘deserves a happy childhood, full of energy, joy, optimism and growing ‘ ( Koshy and Robinson, 2006 ) . Like all other kids, they must be given chances to, for illustration, draw images, drama and communicate with their equals, explore the universe around them, and so on. Consequently, if these extension schemes are non regulated and moderated right, it can do the kid to go socially stray and emotionally detached from their equals. The 3rd method of proviso to see is enrichment. In general footings, it is similar to the extension method as it besides involves immature GAT kids take parting in activities and undertakings suited for most kids of that age. However, it differs in one chief regard. Alternatively of accommodating activities and undertakings and advancing the usage of a assortment of more advanced cognitive procedures and accomplishments, enrichment focuses more on the development of a peculiar kid ‘s single countries of strength or particular involvement. An illustration of such an involvement at an early age is described by Cuikerhorn et Al ( 2007 ) , where one peculiar GAT kid was able to declaim dinosaur names from memory and discourse intricate informations, such as their dimensions and their nutrition, with the EY practicians. They did this merely ‘because the subject excited them ‘ ( Cuikerhorn et al, 2007 ) . In this case, suited enrichment activities could include pulling images of their favorite dinosaurs utilizing felt-tip pens or little pieces of sugar paper, conceive ofing what a typical twenty-four hours in the life of a dinosaur would be like, or making role-plays with dinosaur figures. Such undertakings could be devised by the practician or the kid. Other kids can be involved in these undertakings, the 3rd one in peculiar, and by working together they can portion experiences with each other. The cardinal component here is that these undertakings are matched to the single kid ‘s demands. This has two ch ief benefits to the kid ‘s development. First, because they are already deeply interested in the subject, they will be motivated to go on their assimilation of cognition, and deepness of apprehension of it. Young GAT kids, in peculiar, have a ‘strong appetency for information ‘ ( Sankar-DeLeeuw, 2002 ) ; the enrichment attack can impart this ‘appetite ‘ into activities with meaningful results. Second, the three possible activities mentioned above ( by no agencies an thorough list ) offer originative possibilities for the immature GAT kid in different early developmental countries such as drawing, imaginativeness and coaction, the tierce of which in specific will profit the kid ‘s interpersonal accomplishments and aid to further positive equal relationships. This is a signifier of individualized acquisition, where an single kid ‘s accomplishments and abilities in all countries of development are enhanced by their ain strengths and involvements. This technique is promoted by the 2005 ‘Higher Standards for All ‘ White Paper* ( cited in DCSF, 2009 ) ; it can assist all kids, irrespective of ability, to ‘reach the bounds of their capacity ‘ . However, in order for this rule to be more to the full met in an EY scene, it is of import that enrichment is merely one built-in portion of the whole acquisition procedure for the immature GAT kid. They must besides work and play outside their peculiar country of strength or involvement to develop other cardinal accomplishments that will be required in the hereafter. This will assist to guarantee that their instruction is good balanced during the early old ages. In short, the proviso of enrichment for immature GAT kids should be implemented aboard, non alternatively of, th e regular early old ages course of study. In drumhead, it can be argued that all of these methods of proviso can further the cognitive development of immature GAT kids in EY scenes in different ways. However, the success of each method chiefly depends on each single kid ‘s demands. Some may develop academically through one method ; others may make so through a combination of methods: harmonizing to the 1999 ‘Excellence in Cities ‘ White Paper* ( cited in DCSF, 2009 ) , there is frequently no individual ‘best manner ‘ to run into all of a kid ‘s demands. EY practicians should take the method or methods of proviso based on an designation of the single kid ‘s gifts or endowments, although this is frequently a hard portion of the procedure if the ability is non immediately evident. They should so implement it with a sound consciousness of the kid ‘s societal and emotional development in head. This is peculiarly of import in the early old ages, as these features are, in most instanc es, merely merely get downing to develop at this phase. It is the well-planned, thoughtful and supportive execution of these methods that significantly lessens the opportunity of immature GAT kids sing societal and emotional jobs, while at the same clip assisting them to larn, accomplish, and most significantly enjoy themselves in an inclusive scene at this important early phase of their childhood.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — –* Although these education-related legislative paperss are recommendations made for the proviso of talented and talented students in primary and secondary schools, I felt that the same rules, albeit in different contexts, are besides relevant to early old ages scenes. Therefore, they are included in the text. Reference List / Bibliography Bearne, E. ( erectile dysfunction ) ( 1996 ) Differentiation and diverseness in the primary school. London: Routledge Cuikerhorn, J. R. et Al ( 2007 ) Serving the preschool gifted kid: scheduling and resources. Roeper Review, 21 ( 3 ) , pp. 222-234 DCSF ( 2009 ) National quality criterions in talented and gifted instruction. ( Online ) Department for Education and Skills. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/giftedandtalented Accessed: 19th November 2009 DCSF ( 2009 ) The national schemes: early old ages foundation phase. ( Online ) Department for Children, Schools and Families. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //nationalstrategies.dcsf.gov.uk/earlyyears Accessed: 18th November 2009 Distin, E. ( erectile dysfunction ) ( 2006 ) Differentiation and diverseness in the primary school. London: Jessica Kingsley Fowler, S. A. ( 1999 ) Perspectives: measuring an early childhood gifted instruction plan. Roeper Review, 21 ( 3 ) , pp. 222-234 George, D. ( 2003 ) Gifted instruction: designation and proviso ( 2nd edition ) . London: David Fulton Goodhew, G. ( 2009 ) Meeting the demands of gifted and gifted pupils. London: Continuum Gross, M. U. M. 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( erectile dysfunction ) Including the talented and gifted: doing inclusion work for more talented and able scholars. Abingdon: Routledge Morgan, A. ( 2007 ) Experiences of a talented and gifted enrichment bunch for students aged five to seven. British Journal of Particular Education, 34 ( 3 ) , pp. 144-153 Raty, H. et Al ( 2002 ) What makes one able? The formation of students ‘ constructs of academic ability. International Journal of Early Years Education, 10 ( 2 ) , pp. 121-135 Renzulli, J. S. ( 1998 ) The three-ringed construct of giftedness. ( Online ) University of Connecticut. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gifted.uconn.edu/sem/semart13.html Accessed: 17th November 2009 Sankar-DeLeeuw, N. ( 2002 ) Gifted kindergartners: parent and teacher positions of designation, early admittance, and programming. Roeper Review, 24 ( 3 ) , pp. 172-192 Sternberg, R. J. & A ; Davidson, J. E. ( erectile dysfunction ) ( 2005 ) Conceptions of giftedness ( 2nd edition ) . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Sutherland, M. J. ( 2006 ) The early old ages puting – an inclusive model. In Smith, C. M. M. ( erectile dysfunction ) Including the talented and gifted: doing inclusion work for more talented and able scholars. Abingdon: Routledge Tomlinson, C. A. ( erectile dysfunction ) Differentiation for gifted and gifted pupils. London: Sage