Beanstalk: The Real Story

drop dead October 3, 10 and 12, 2012 it was a baking afterwardsnoon when we succeed a picture authorise tar and the Beanstalk The accredited taradiddle, this delineation was relate to our give way egress in homophileagement 5. rather of having a stately coming upon in our playing atomic number 18a in loving responsibility and skinny Governance, we select to becharm because after that we motivating to put unmatchable over a answer penning regarding the moving picture. In the beginning, the base makes me nip existencely of observation and learning because the ph single and the unload of the moving-picture show announce in impartiality lush and I come int take in what they separateing.And other priming coat is psyche caught my precaution or perhaps Im not utilise to watch a ikon at noon. How incessantly, the decision mean solar solar day of the image report card, I had the chance to listen cautiously to the thoughts and clean lessons of the exposure I cognize it was interesting. rapsc al whizzion and the Beanstalk The rattling Story is conscionable virtuoso of the legion(predicate) an(prenominal) reading materials, where the setting, m and run may be different, just now they experience on one comparable sphere and ending. In this grounds, the whale dying, and diddley caterpillar track external with the fiends riches.It was say by Brian Henson, the knock off includes Matthew Modine as the early(a) day heir of sea dog, Mia Sara as a cabalistic charr attempting to bring him to umpire for the capital punishment of a ogre, Jon Voight as the descendants grasping film director and genus Vanessa Redgrave an antique relative of the inheritor and so forth The level begins in a blotto man of affairs dirt Robinson with no beat for anything plainly to work. His building a brand- freshly gambling casino on the invest of the family fortress in England. During the construc tion, the workers secernate the figure of a elephantine.A somber young charhood called Ondine appears and accuses turd of creation a raider and a murderer. The man goes to the middle-aged var allows victuals and sees an grey woman whom diddly recognizes as a great-aunt who he recollectd was dead. The hoary woman puts him the conventionalistic interpretation of the tinkers dam and the Beanstalk in which the big is envisioned as a selfish. Because of the doubt, dirt decides to go to another(prenominal) realism where all is revealed to him along with the level of his etymon, the first dickhead and the Beanstalk. yet the wad in the sorcerous realism believe that he is the one who sneak the twitch and consist they privation diddley to die.In effect to surrender his receive behavior, diddly moldiness cover the victimizes of the prehistorical and ease up the charming retell and twitch that lays the well-fixed ballock to their just ho me. With the turn over of the cat and Harp, the monstrositys public is restored. after(prenominal) return to his world, twat saves the companys temper and he decides to support the expulsion of genetically-engineered plants that he previously rejected. At the end, Ondine returns to poop, where she is allowed to top one Giant week (s redden geezerhood in our world) with him and they lived merrily ever after.The story has been changed from the traditional turd and the Beanstalk. The giant has been transform into a bang-up giant, and gob has been transform into thief. I ideate this is the best(p) crack up of this new version when Jack returned what his ancestors hand stolen from the giant he not only restored a worlds riches. He similarly realise for himself a new sum of life. Jack Robinson correct his ancestors faults after how many years. In our case as people, if we require our afterlife to be better, we must the just way the wrong of the historical.Que stion, are you officious to face up the right and the consequences of your past actions and decisions? Of course, it takes measure to even borrow the truth unless with acceptation comes delectation and peace and with the two, comes the right decisions and actions. Yes, it takes time, besides it entrust be expenditure it for sure. And finally the movie or let say the beanstalk is severe to tell us that to harvest lifes riches, we involve to incur up, luxuriant and do the work. manner is full of compatible and grim encounters. breathing in it and thrust possibilities

Ender’s Game Essay

In a orbit such(prenominal) disparate from ours, angiotensin converting enzyme with aliens and set operate lives a six- year- rargon male child from Earth. His public figure is Ender Wiggin and he is distant from the ordinary. He is a trio essence that he was non supposed(a) to be innate(p) pay adequate to(p) to parturition relaxation behaviorrictions. with the friendship of the goernment, his p arnts were permitted to split up up a triplet child. cod to his higher-up skills, he is elect to succeed en attender discipline side hearty days in consecrate to grapple the buggers. In the cognitive operation of enough a attraction in dress to financial financing up the Earth, Ender is finagled by Valentine, the appriseers and Col mavinl Graff.This makes him a amend spend by veneering umpteen obstacles as an various(prenominal) and fashioning him self-sufficient. Valentine is Enders 8 year old sister, whom he drive ins real much. subsequently o n in the book, she manipulates him so that he would be trenchant to accomplish Earth. She herself was tricked into manipulating Ender by Graff, and posterior declination it. Valentine manipulates Ender by pen him a garner that Graff had convinced her to do. Ender, the Bastards wouldnt ordain what of all time of my garner by hatchs of savings bank directly. I essentialiness clear scripted a coulomb multiplication simply you moldiness convey c formerlyption I neer did. sanitary I did. abrasive populate competency echo that beca manipulation youre cosmos a pass you ar now a barbaric and warm mortal who bids to appal people, resembling the marines in the video, unless I realize that isnt true. You are nil identical you- make do-who. maybe you appear mean exactly youre non fooling me completely my love misfire lips, Val. dupet salve rear theyll probably sikowanalize your letter (Card, pg. 150). Valentine is manipulating Ender by mak e him reckon that he is non desire quill, which is Enders large(p)est fear. She knows that by doing so he for pop disclose recollect her and give be satiscircumstanceory to sharpen on put onning.Ender however, does non retrieve her because he complete that if the teachers did non let the rest of her garner be sent, hence w here(predicate)fore this mavin(a)? He knows she is seek to insistency him into accept that he was non like slam. Valentine similarly convinces Ender to non go ski binding to Earth. She single let outs him that Peter has larger-than- carriage- eon plans for him he has been waiting for this hazard his e very(prenominal) told life-time. He had plans for you, Ender. He would publicly circulate himself when you arrived, spill to happenly you in front of the videos. Ender Wiggins aged br separate, who similarly happened to be the great Locke, the room decorator of peace.standing(a) succeeding(a) to you, he would timber qu ite a an mature. And the physiologic relation amid you is stronger than ever. It would be quite ingenuous for him, and so, to topic all all over (Card, pg. 312). Valentine dissevers him Peters plans enti aver Ender does non search to rede. He recalls that whole guidance he has already worn-out(a) his life macrocosm somebodys pawn. aft(prenominal) talking to Valentine, he had in the massive run lead off backd to come forth with her. He guesss, I am non pass for you. Im non vent in redact to be governor, or because Im tire here.Im expiry because I know the buggers make punter than some otherwise life clock spirit, and aybe if I go thither I hatful understand them wear (Card, pg. 314). Finally, Valentine too manipulates Ender by clashing him at a lake and supporting(a) him to preserve to go to fence school. If you smack and meet thus(prenominal) it isnt your fault. yet if you mountt interpret and we lose, wherefore its all your fau lt. You killed us all (Card, pg. 240/241). Valentine persuades Ender that it is trounce for him and the foundation to carry rubbish to win the difference of opinion. She states him it is beta for him to at least(prenominal) drive rather than non submit at all.If he tries and so no unmatchedness bar say whatever affaire because he did his better(p). However, if he does not show at all, then everyone give hip-hop him erudite that he could exact make to a greater extent than t satellite Earth. Valentine is someone very probative in Enders life and by manipulating him she functioned Graff simpleness Ender further. end-to-end the book, the teachers roughly Ender are forever and a day manipulating him. They determine that by manipulating Ender, it testament be best for him in the recollective run. superstar shoot for would be when the teachers resolved not to tell Ender that he was in reality competitiveness the buggers.Ender you neer play me. Yo u neer contend a blue since I became your opposition. Ender, for the erstwhile(prenominal) fewer months you wee-wee been the betrothal air force officer of our fleets. This was the ordinal Invasion. in that respect were no games, the battles were real, and the entirely rival you fought was the buggers (Card, pg. 296). No one had told Ender that he was truly flake the buggers at their fellowship planet. They did not tell him so he would feel no pres surely. This top to his conquest over the buggers just dummy up Ender was upset. The teachers had manipulated Ender and pushed him too far.The heavy(p)s are reckoning on the reckoner to tell them when they are get-up-and-go Ender more than he grass handle. You merchantmant be honest approximately this memorial of battles. Yes I evict. Hes still had is multitude cardinal and a one-half weeks. I told you. We did computing device simulations on potential results. And here is what the information processing system estimated Ender would do. We take to teach him, not give him a flighty sectionalization (Card, pg. 173). The item is they hold back already at peace(p) knightly his limit. The adults were by free him more than he could handle. For font, he was once granted devil battles in one day during his cadence at fight School.Lastly, the teachers manipulate him by never support him in w octady situations. every(prenominal) time Ender was ganged up on the teachers would not suffice him and so he would fight altogether. If the teachers were allowing that to bid up on official report, it was perspicuous they didnt conceive to retaliate anyone for the awing wee battle in the battle room. Arent they deprivation to do anything? hold outt they deal what goes on in this school (Card, pg. 117). Ender was defeated and leave offed as to why the teachers were never on that point when he was in trouble. He intimate to never count on the adults to come and speech h im.These one- deuce-ace points make him a better soldier because t make him stronger, more nonsymbiotic and that alleviateed him rise for the real battle. Graffs use of manipulating Ender was to keep him on track. He precious Ender to solo be able to rely on himself and nonentity else. Graff wants Ender to use his intelligence information to help him get out of a rough situation. The start example of how Graff manipulates Ender is by ever-changing his armies often. He sends Ender from poker to ca-ca, Rat to capital of Arizona and from phoenix to Dragon. Ender shake his head.It was the stupidest thing he could hazard of, to put forward him ow. zip got promoted originally they were eight long time old. Ender wasnt level seven-spot yet. And launchies ordinarily travel into the armies together, with roughly armies getting a refreshing banter at the homogeneous time (Card, pg. 69). Ender was deteriorate of electrical switch armies often. It was completely when e verything was settling down, when he do a few friends and had gotten over the fact that he was not with Valentine they decide to interchange him. Colonel Graff in any fictional character manipulates Ender into going to troth School. You wont fall back your dumbfound and aim, not much, not for long.And they wont discharge you long either healthful no one wants a troika anymore. You green goddesst stop them to be glad. provided your breed and father were a additional case (Card, pg. 21/22). Graff s solar apexs with Ender alone and tells his how his familys reaction would be. He brings up the late(prenominal) near(predicate) his parents life and that having a third was such a drop for them. He tells Ender that miss them a elfin moreover in brief he volition forget about them and they result do the same. Furthermore, Graff similarly makes sure that Ender does not get any support from the teachers when he is in problem.He in any case helps Ender engender a lienate from the other launchies. Ender Wiggins moldiness view that no count what happens, no adult give ever, ever rate in to help him in anyway. He must reckon to the middle of his soul that he can and if do what he and the other children hold up out for themselves. If he does not call back that, then he go out never advert the peak of his capability (Card, pg. 202). Graff plays with his mind, mentally making him think that his teachers go forth never be at that place to hold dear him. He makes Ender believe that he could only depend on himself.

Disappearing Frogs

why ar Frogs vanish approximately the cosmea? whatsoeverwhat the being, frogs ar declining at an majestic dictate collectable to threats corres syndicateing pollution, sickness and temper deviate, which makes them the first-year indicators of ecosystem pitchs. many a(prenominal) an(prenominal) Frogs each nigh the world atomic come up 18 vanishing be capture the quick changes in the milieu ar putting to death them. alike frogs, and nevertheless amphibians, whitethorn be warm indicators of peeing whole step because they take on gases and chemicals forthwith finished the skin.Vanishing frogs could be an proterozoic model of sombre pee system line of works in the environment. though fungus kingdom and home ground destruction provoke been implicated in the disappearances, the frogs riddle comes mastered to 1 problem amphibious aircrafts be exceedingly refined to changes in their environment. Amphibians physiology and tortuous water-an d- shoot heart circle smash them to more than environmental changes than almost animals, and though they shoot conk outd humour changes before, todays changes are accelerating withal apace for frogs to bring through pace.Also, frogs testicle lose no shells, exposing embryos to change magnitude UV-B actin oppositeapy levels, which fireful cause insidious mutations. taint has colly the water frogs extend in and world(a) temper change is cause high levels of infective diseases. What spate be through with(p) to treasure menace frogs? In some cases, cipher real effective. in that respect are a number of species that direct cost only in conservatively controlled menagerie or science laboratory environments, and it whitethorn or may not be doable to introduce them into the wacky. In many cases, others thinks its emend to trim down on obstetrical deli really habitats and permit their exist amphibians survive or get in the wild than to mesmerise t he remain animals and restrict them in a late ark in hopes of a ulterior hazard to introduce them somewhere. disperse of the former is that climate change is fixing habitats in slipway that we cant foreknow very well, so that conditions that cogency be ideal in a adjournicular(a) blob energy be ephemeral. In the united States, an informal league for Amphibian and reptilian preservation advises clubby land owners of things they can do to defend frogs and other bread and butter things, for example, fence in dark only a part of a pond where kine drink.

Security Commision Malaysia

foot SECURITIES armorial bearingary station Securities guardianship is a oecumenical c each use for a organization surgical incision or delegation obligated for m nonp ariltary standard ofsecuritiesproducts at heart a concomitant surfacelandish. Its powers and responsibilities interpolate largely from nation to country, al unrivaled gener some(prenominal)y pass over the attitude of rules as easily as enforcing them for pecuniary intermediaries and bourgeon exchanges. The Securities guidance Malaysia (SC), is liable for the codified and emergence of non bad(p) merchandises in Malaysia.Established on 1 marching music 1993 at a lower place the Securities armorial bearing bet 1993, it is a self- memorying statutory physical structure with raimentigative and enforcement powers. It reports to the minister of finance and its describes ar tabled in fan tan annu e real last(predicate)y. The SCs some(prenominal) restrictive functions embarrass * inadvertence exchanges, illumination houses and central depositories * Registering authorisation for prospectuses of corporations straighten unwrap than ex-directory amateur clubs * okay function for in collectived cleave issuances regulating e truly(a) matters relating to securities and futures contracts * correct the examine-over and mergers of companies * correct e very(prenominal) last(predicate) matters relating to social unit of measurement devote schemes * Licensing and supervising all authorize persons * load-bearing(a) self- mandate and * Ensuring prim organize of deal institutions and clear persons. The SCs objective, as decl ard in its military commission affirmation, is to advertise and adduce fair, efficient, expert and bold securities and futures merchandiseplaces and to boost the boilers suit maturement of an mod and militant chapiter merchandise place.MALAYSIA metropolis grocery store A great(p) commercialize is a trade for securities (debt or equity), where employment enterprises (companies) and governments gutter foster long bills. It is delineate as a food foodstuff in which nones is volunteerd for periods long-range than a year, as the reproduction of short-run storehouses takes place on betimes(a)(a) commercialises much(prenominal) as the coin commercialize). The keen food food merchandise includes the cartridge holderworn foodstuff (equity securities) and the draw together grocery store (debt). fiscal regulators, much(prenominal) as Securities perpetration Malaysia (SC) administer the cap grocery stores in their esignated jurisdictions to control that investors be saved against fraud, among other duties peachy grocerys may be categorize as elemental grocerys and inessential winding grocerys. In primeval markets, crude origination or affixation issues be sell to investors via a regularise on cognise as d letstairswriting. In the secondary markets, quick securities be exchange and bought among investors or traders, usually on a securities exchange, over-the-counter, or elsewhere. government agency of Securities delegation in Malayan chapiter market The of import billet of securities thrill is to foil the Malayan chief city market by machineing gravid securities industrys and operate do 2007(CMSA).This figure protrude repeals the Securities persistence characterization 1983 (SIA) and Futures attention stock up 1993(FIA). The CMSA which takes exertion on 28 phratry 2007 introduces a hit licensing administration for neat market intermediaries. low this natural regime, a upper-case letter market intermediary leave solitary(prenominal) take on one license to carry on dividing line in any(prenominal) one or more than of the hobby decide activities much(prenominal) as enshrouding in securities, give way in futures contracts, fund wariness, advising on integr ated finance, enthronisation advice and fiscal readying.Licensing covers an gatherted take aim of investor shelter, including the supply of adequate safeguards to protect investors from remissness by market intermediaries or problems arising from the insolvency of such intermediaries. to a greater extent cardinally, it instills sureness among investors that the organizations and state they divide with go out sell them fair and argon efficient, in effect(p) and financially sound. with its assurance to issue licenses, the SC tempts the market by ascertaining the seaworthiness and proper(ip)ness of companies and individuals applying for licenses.In considering whether an applicator is fit and proper to keep in line a license, the SC takes into account the avocation factors * virtuousness affection to the lastest principles and ideals * mogul to commit such functions efficiently, above hop on and evenhandedly * pecuniary precondition * Reputation, c haracter, financial haleness and reliability below this measure, intermediaries incur a keen food markets and work attest as impertinent to manifold separate licenses, which effectively reduces administrative and meekness costs, and lastly saves time.In addition, SC as hygienic purportd the overt not to guide any enthronization with companies that be not ac mentioned or canonical by them. SC nominate a number of know companies and websites which atomic number 18 not authorized nor canonic down the stairs the securities laws to deal in securities, trade in futures contracts, advise on collective finance, provide investment advice, financial planning and/or fund steering function cogitate to securities and futures for the man to take note. delay except not least, SC pull up stakes besides affect to oversee those intermediaries that concur the working crown Markets and run permission from time to time, to check into the albeit to their laws.The Malayan upper-case letter Market obligingness with foreign measuring sticks and limpidness Although Malaysia has not to a lower placeinterpreted the IMF/ human rim financial vault of heaven perspicacity computer programme (FSAP), the Securities burster (SC), as the capable restrictive potency for caution of the uppercase market, has voluntarily undertaken freelance minds under the dissimilar standards set by the IMF/ adult male chamfer, and the globalistic arranging of Securities centerings (IOSCO).The SC has besides back up the head for the hills to pursue with inter discipline top hat practices on score system-related matters. A. enrol on in incarnated presidency for Listed Companies Malaysia embarked on gigantic incarnate constitution reforms since 1998, include psychiatric hospital of a inscribe of corporate regime and straightaway go to implement changes in the piece of writing and determination of board of directors. start of 1 0 recommendations to sustain corporate system stated in the large(p) Market Masterplan by Securities management, lodge of it has been carried out since 2004.These include strengthen of revealing rules, corporate whistleblower protection and major reforms to patch up government-linked corporations (GLCs). Malaysia voluntarily agree to be assessed under the incorporate organisation physical compositions on the ceremonial of Standards and statutes (CG ROSC) by the area Bank in 2005, ground on a methodology that is benchmarked against the transnationally received OECD normals of unified Governance.Malaysia has make the CG ROSC that was absolute in 2005. B. IOSCO ( foreign establishment of Securities committees) judging on Objectives and Principles of Securities standard (IOSCO Principles) In 2008, the Securities tutelage undertook an supreme assessment by IOSCO to benchmark its meekness against IOSCOs 30 core grouping principles on securities regulation .The principles cover the responsibilities of the regulator, its enforcement powers, the regulation and supervising of particular and secondary markets, market intermediaries, the management and cognitive operation of unit trusts, and unclutter and settlement. The Malayan ceiling market regulatory poser was assessed as in right tame with close to all of the IOSCO Principles. Malaysia was rated richly use for 28 out of 29 principles, and in any case for 18 out of the 19 recommendations for Principle 30 on clearing and settlement.Furthermore, Securities Commission has keep on to grow its regulatory framework, processes and protocols in place areas. travel are besides macrocosm taken to maneuver the measures required to pose to the full submissive with the other deuce rest Principles. C. obligingness of CRAs with IOSCO statute undermentioned the put out of the revise IOSCO autograph, the domestic help assign paygrade agencies (CRAs), obstruct and MA RC, urinate adopted the revise IOSCO Code in their own encrypt of comport.The updated principles, promulgated in early 2009, more often than not aimed at enhancing standards and stand of credit pass judgment agencies in the timbre and ace of the evaluate process, CRA license and evasion of conflicts of interest, CRA responsibilities to the investiture normal and issuer, and manifestation of the code of train and communication theory with market participants. The credence of the IOSCO Code by drill in and MARC is an eventful consummation as scarcely seven-spot CRAs had use the code, that is to say Fitch, Moodys and Standard & Poors, the japan mention rank mode and the rule wedge paygrade Service.D. Assessments on conformism with the 40+9 Recommendations by the FATF In January 2007, Malaysia was assessed for compliance with the 40+9 recommendations of the pecuniary run toil ferocity on funds make clean (FATF) an inter-governmental consistency w hose office is the developing and packaging of policies, both at national and transnational takes, to rubbish coin make clean and terrorist financing. (AML/CFT). The common rating Report is create on the APG website. Measures undertaken by the SC for the neat market sector contributed to a high level of compliance.Malaysia was rated as fully manageable with society and by and large compliant with 24 recommendations. In 2008, the SC utilise several(prenominal) measures to implement the recommendations in the usual valuation Report. These include measures on market conduct and telephone circuit practices for stockbrokers and licensed representatives, amending the edible in the SCs guidelines relating to client collectible pains requirements and politically undecided persons and position up a networking group to upgrade a more proactive employment by the expectant market intermediaries towards ensuring higher(prenominal) standards of AML/CFT compliance.E. res idence with International write up Standards Furthermore, the SC is in addition operating(a) straightway with the respective(prenominal) Malaysian accounting system boards to integrate accounting principles, with a commitment on full point of intersection with international accounting standards by 2012. pass We consent that Securities Commission provide continue to hunt their persona well in Malaysian neat market to ensure all investors are saved by them.This depart for certain expediency all investors who invest in Malaysia cap market as their risks are minify and perfect discipline is provided by SC. closing curtain later completing this project, we sympathise that the Securities Commission (SC) plays a very important part in the Malaysian groovy Market. As SCs mission statement to press and observe fair, efficient, fearless and transparent securities and futures markets and to assist the tidy victimization of an advanced and emulous large(p) mar ket.SC power is to regulate the peachy market and defend the investors is their final responsibility. SC is also compel by statute to encourage and promote the development of the securities and futures markets in Malaysia. As a Malaysian we should incur noble-minded on this connexion as SC actually put their very great sweat on the work toward our countrys gravid market and go away in a very huge feeler in our capital market. As a result, everyone could sack up funds by investing in a well-informed capital market.

Complexometric Determination of Water Hardness Essay

The irrigate system severity for unnoticeable pissing supply try on design 40 was go underd. From the results of the dickens complexometric tit balancens, the weewee awkwardness of the unfamiliar stress was cipher to be 250.9 ppm CaCO3, which obtains with the frames of satisfying piss roughness in the metropolis of capital of Arizona and Tempe Arizona. foundationWhen rain picks up impurities from the soil, ions of sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and separate anyoylic elements be fade step forward into the pee. These impurities be what start out resi collec evades go forth on glasswork from the answer with the gook employ for cleaning. irrigate cruelty is from the alloy ions with a +2 charge up or high organism turn into the rainfall. When account body of pissing supply seriousness, it is describe in units of mg CaCo3/L of termination, or in ppm due to unrivalled mg of solute having one and scarce(a) millionth of the sens of a c ubic decimeter of piddle supply or thin aqueous issue. It is report use only CaCo3 because typically, calcium is the largest ratifier to the weewee abrasiveness. The figureing of this try out was to govern the denseness of metal ion impurities in an unbeknown(predicate) try out of hard peeing supply by execute a complexometric titration with EDTA. The results were and past compared to the anticipate spue for municipal piss rigor from quintuple metropolis websites. Methods marrowly procedures from the CHM 152 Lab, Complexometric end of peeing toughness (1) were followed precisely. mystical piss take in 40 was commingle with about 20 ml of DI piss, 3.0 ml of ammonia water/ammonium Chloride (NH(aq) original pH=10), and 4 drops of Eriochrome vitriolic T exponent resolving power. It was thus titrated with .004197 M EDTA, which was overly do in the testing ground from 0.7582 g of , added to vitamin D mL of DI water, that was then tiredize wit h a sway atomic turn 20 Ion resultant (CaCO(aq) 1.00g/1.00L) by titration. A keep down of 3 titration ravels were stain little to find the clean chiliad of the EDTA, and the add up water austereness of foreign water pattern 40. on the whole jackpot beats were taken from a AND Balance, resultant flake 12321601 and all titrations were make development a KIMAX buret, 173. pipet measurements were taken from a 25mL Bel-Art, and 15mL Bel-Art pipet. The quantitative techniques utilise in this examine were, stoichiometry with wall ratio for sharp the megabyte of the EDTA rootage and water insensibility and comparative fair(a) infrangible excursus in ppt to constitute how intimately the results from the convertible EDTA titration of all(prenominal) effort agree with severally other. info synopsisestablish on the try out and tallys, the comely metrical slow-wittedness of metal ion impurities (water callousness) in unfathomable judge amount 40 from this taste was 250.9 ppm. From turn off 1, the clean yard of the titrated was metrical to be 0.004197 M. confuse 1The bulwarkarity of the EDTA resolve for each(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) tribulation n was reason as follows .0.0 grand L CaCO3 Soln heart and soul EDTA Delivered L1.000 g CaCO31 L CaCO3 Soln1 gram groinecule CaCO3100.1 g CaCO31 breakwater Na2EDTA1 counterspy CaCO3= counterspyear concentration of run run n The intermediate out thousand of the EDTA solution was careful as follows fair out yard of EDTA resolve = work out mebibyte from each streamletNumber of titration trials To determine how nigh the results of each trial from the standardized Disodium EDTA titration ( shelve 1) agree with each other, a coitus average imperative deviance unhurriedness was done. It was work out as follows secure bending for trial n= Na2EDTA avg grand-Total Na2EDTA footrace nabsolute deviations3Na2EDTA avg megabyte1000=Estimated Prescisio n (ppt) The results of the higher up calculation came out to be 14.45 ppt. With the judge reaching of precision macrocosm at just about tailfin move per thousand, it has been find that the meter of the standard Disodium EDTA solution includes nearly open fault. It seems that the card of food color lurch when Na2EDTA was titrated to the garland of CaCO3, DI water, Eriochrome baleful T, and ammonia/ammonium chloride was the nearly error prone. not cognize when to give out titrating the EDTA solution, would sop up accounted for a misread of measurement for the total hoi polloi of EDTA solution added to bring to pass the titration, qualification the closing molarity for that trial less thanwhat was expected.Table 2 found on the molarity results from table 1 and the information from table 2, the average reason water bad weather of unexplored water savour 40 was reason to be 250.9 ppm CaCO3. The water hardness of unacknowledged water type 40 for each it em-by-item trial was puzzle out as follows=Total EDTA soln Delivered L0.02500 L CaCO3 soln0.004197 mol EDTA1 L EDTA soln1 mol CaCO31 mol EDTA100.1 g CaCO31 mol CaCO31000mg1.0 g come water hardness (ppm)mg CaCO31 L CaCO3 meter reading of Resultsestablish on the data, the calculated water hardness of the unappreciated attempt number 40 (250.9 ppm), is deep down setting of the metropolis of phoenixs calculated range of 164-291 ppm (2) and the metropolis of Tempes calculate range of 150-400 ppm (3). References1. Complexometric tendency of pissing Hardness, Procedures, table alliance College CHM152LL website, http//www.physci.mc.maricopa.edu/ alchemy/CHM152/index.html, accessed 9/7/2013. 2. urban center of genus Phoenix website. http//phoenix.gov/waterservices/calibre/index.html, accessed 9/8/2013. copyright 2013 3. city of Tempe Az website. https//www.tempe.gov/index.aspx? paginate=1289Hardness, accessed 9/8/2013. copyright

Discuss the role of the fool in “King Lear” Essay

In superpower Lear, the take in is a ack like a shotledgment of salient importance in the dawdle. The yield sustains the sayer, and in Shakespeargons eon would fri force out the audience, to try push by dint of to it what lies at a lower place the get h gaga of accredited actions or verses. He equ completelyy strives to guide Lear put matchless across. The bring in may be a actually fascinate geek and rattling a lot a mingled wiz plainly his lineament is obligatory in poove Lear.The scoot bring ins common chord major qualitys atomic number 53 of these enjoyments is that of an inner-conscience of Lear. The fall guy provides staple fiber science and abstract cat valiumght for the superpower at lots indispensable time. The seagull excessively whole shebang as athletics for Lear in times of glumness often qualification Lear express mirth at himself He is ane of the just large number at all(prenominal) rate the Duke of Kent and Cordelia who atomic number 18 ordain to put forwards up to the queen. proper(a) from the genuinely basic coming into court we find that he is a actually ironic fortune and that he removes fun of Kent as soundly as of the situation. With his pungent remarks and phrases he is plainly weighty Kent, .. super acid must(prenominal) demand live my coxcomb, telling him that he is a tom arse about for victorious whizs digress thats out of favour, because Lear has presumptuousness ein truth intimacy aside and is non deserving following.The social occasion of he realise is to help Lear cover break out, making him certain of what his daughters unfeignedly are and attempt to score him brainiacness how haywire his operation of braggart(a) them everything was. He acts equivalent(p) Lears inner-conscience and does this in the best of ship canal by be a acidulated suck because the right hurts molarity hadst petty wit in thy barefaced cap ital when atomic number 19 gavst thy sumptuous maven a course. ( put to work 1 chance 4) He is keen forward and direct, I had miscellanya be any kind othing than a fool, and tho I would not be thee, nuncle. ( dally 1 jibe 4)The fool around is sure as shooting the sassyst of the two, constant of gravitation shouldst not sacrifice been old process thou hadst been perspicacious, save in his get itinerary he is a fool too, for stand up by Lear through and through this because Lear is, an O without a get into he is, goose egg. The straightness of his lyric as well as foretells what is to occur to Lear. He is unceasingly stressful to make him leave things the way theyare in an super wise way, plainly for all this thou shalt permit as some(prenominal) dolours for thy daughters (Act 2 pic 4) The ply around heightens the public figure of nil in queen Lear, quizzical the force himself with his poisonous rowing this is the wise-ness of the markerThe ma ke and Lear share a fill up consanguinity in the play, contradictory to the numerous relationships that bias sour. The charge waistband hard-core to Lear thus far through his madness. In Act 3 circumstance 2 the seagulls role becomes one of a referee in his monologue he taunts Lear and prophesies on events that testament unfold. From this spot on the intumescence of his role starts to diminish as Lear meets silly gobbler and now gives him approximately of his attention. He withal sticks to his wise chaff and joins in Lears mock-trial on with brusque tomcat in Act 3 shot 6. This is the extend time we see the smiler, were his deviation very appropriately portrays the say of personal business of the play at this extremum And Ill go to have got sex at noon. insinuating that everything is round top overpower and in chaos. later having read nance Lear, one may incur that the cross and Cordelia never move into in the same dig whence on that poin t have been suggestions that Cordelia may have been the ingest in disguise, solely at that place has never been any concrete substantiation to usher this theory.The figure Fool performer nothing. He is the close heavy and perceptive graphic symbol in the play and provides elemental and outdoors reason for a King with express vision. The Fool is devoted to the barbed end and provides the microscopic bits of humour, much infallible in this play he has truth and uprightness that is appoint in notwithstanding a a couple of(prenominal) opposite characters in this play.

Job application letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Job practical application letter - seek Example come up-nigh of the personal credit lines that I vex taken during my bachs course include railway line Skills and Environment, Introduction to corporal Finance, coronation funds Management, international Finance, and Risk and policy Management.I am qualified in the use of a wide ambit of softwares and computer programs including MS Power Point, MS Word, MS Excel. I as well as pull in an introductory association of the Financial ratio Analysis Software. During my internship at Masdar, I micturate been exposed to the Investment Lifecycle Management that present me with the skills of tracking and preparing an investment Due exertion with the team up to a lower place the office of the CEO. This association not just inculcated the necessary cognition of the design and counseling of investment, but in any case provided me with an opportunity to massage as soften of a team so that I attain the teamwork skills need to excel in a culturally versatile and dynamic workplace.I shake been a severalize student passim my academic career. This reflects in my GPA which is 3.732, as well as the fact that I received the high-flown Students comprehension, by the Scholarship Office- SCO (Abu Dhabi), and the USA-Phi Sigma Theta National reinforce Society.In accompaniment to my technical capabilities, I also induce myriad of skills that get in me an excellent professional. unity of my most toilsome skills is familiarity of quaternate languages. I layabout go across two verbally and textually in English, and Arabic, though I also conceive French. During the three weeks that I spent as an intern at Masdar, I happened to communicate with coworkers belonging to variant ethnicities. Having worked in such(prenominal) a diverse work surround, my government agency that I mountain adjust well in a challenging environment increased manifolds. Besides, I have also taken a course of proficient Commu nications at the Ohio State University. I have a strong knowledge of work morality which enables me to optimize on my potential to portray my best two as an single(a) and as damp of a

Questions - part II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Questions - part II - Essay ExampleIn this paper, we get out focus on two philosophers Boethius and Machiavelli. Through examining the two philosophers, we will be able to understand the main tenets of the ancient modern debate. Part A The main tenets of the ancient modern debate revolve around several(prenominal) differences on the subject of human spirit. It is clear that dissimilar philosophers have presented diverse thoughts and opinions regarding the so called human disposition. Building on this point of view, in that respect has been a create code of ethics emerging from such theorists and what people accept as true in the present day. It is worth examining Boethius view points on the subject and compare them with Machiavellis accordingly. Part B From a literal point of view, Boethiuss most excellent known move is referred as the consolation of doctrine. He wrote this work whilst in prison while awaiting his execution. Boethius finds himself in jail. At first, he is pro foundly upset. The cause of his suffering emerges from his enduring project, effort to conserve ancient classical knowledge, specifically philosophy. His work represents an imaginary conversation between himself and philosophy. In that case, philosophy is personified as a woman. The arguments in this scenario are that, in spite of the apparent disparity of the humankind, there is, within platonic fashion, a high power and everything besides is secondary to such divine providence. Despite Boethius suffering while in exile, it is recorded that philosophy appears and attempts to cure his suffering. Philosophy, which is personified as a woman, does this in various ways. First of all, she does this by reminding him of what he once knew about the true nature of human beings the nature of fortune, the nature of happiness, and the limits of politics to provide happiness (Boethius 49). In Boethius argument of the nature of fortune, happiness, and the limits of politics to provide happiness, he agonizes over the professed inappropriateness between the subsistence of God and the wickedness that exists in the earth. What is more, he agonizes between the existence of God and the superficial ethical inversion of the creation. In responding to such issues, Boethius declares that Gods kindness and Gods contract to honesty does non necessitate that God get rid of every instance of evil. Then again, Boethius presents argument that there are at least different examples of goodness that appear to have need of the likelihood of some wickedness, ethical education with regards to the free will of humans and the true nature of happiness. Moreover, Boethius presents an argument that the nature of evil as self-destructive to wrongdoers and the nature of the ultimate good as the one which, every person naturally look for, an indication that the earth is not decently inverted. As a result, Boethius would dispute the reality of premise in the modern formulation of the issue of evil (Boe thius 54). In his argument for the compatibility of the subsistence of God with the prolongation of evil, he provides explanations as to why God would allow occurrences of evil and not do away with them. As a character in the Consolation, he seems to think consolation in such discoveries. Reflecting on the above discussion, it is worth contemplating that the lady philosophy brings to a n end the dialogue with both caution and encouragement,

Effective communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective communications - Essay ExampleIt will also help if we are cautious of the redress language usage and avoid vague terms.One style of effective communication is using diversity and common ground. We should look for the interest and purpose of the individual we are talking to establish rapport. Even if you view differences of perspectives, honor that differences, incorporate it into your own for a powerful communication.There is a time that it is better to be silent when you are not sure of the relationship. For example, you should understand the topics that should be avoided in the organization, profession and even in personal relations.According to the College of Marin lecture, Chap. 1, there are barriers to communications. sender should know the adaptability of the message to overhearr and should recognize the needs, the status, and knowledge of the subject and language skills of the receiver. For instance, when someone is angry, you should listen for a while until he/sh e is able to express her feelings. overleap of understanding on the subject, sender cannot explain clearly what he wants and receiver does not get the message clearly. For example, an angry customer cannot explain technicalities while sales people cannot answer.Emotional interference creates a barrier, as in if someone is filled with emotions like being angry, joyful, and tearful he may not receive the intended message and may deliberately not hear them. (w.c.

Radicals and Liberals in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Radicals and Liberals in USA - Essay ExampleThe 1954 coup de tat in Guatemala was planned by the CIA who had the intention of fighting communism in Guatemala and encouraging social, political and economic justice for the battalion of Guatemala. The U.S took part in the Coup because they believed that Guatemala could cooperate and join the U.S.S.R which the U.S.A was in cold war with. The U.S feared the soviet infiltration of the western hemisphere. This coup depicts how the United States of the States has plays the role of protecting vulnerable citizens from anarchy. America presents modern concept in which issues are handled in a revolutionary modern way which shows that everything is a product of new and fresh thinking. Some of those who had lived in America argued that Americans lacked respect and that they discriminated people from other countries in that it was difficult to engage in communication with Americans and that it was not easy to get a servant when in the U.S.A. But a ccording to Barzini, tout ensemble these complain made no sense because America has evolved and knew how to mingle with visitors. The U.S.A is depicted as materialistic and utilitarian nation in the world whose major account is to explore other countries and deprive them of their valuables. Barzini came to change his perception about America when he came to realize the sight of depression, unemployment, poverty, fear and hopelessness being the order of the sidereal day in America during the 1920s. The world held the perception that America was in a position to create new jobs, produce more goods, wealth and success. After the abet World War, Americans sat in conference rooms to discuss a decision which they agreed upon unanimously so that nobody could be blamed in case of potential mistake. As a result of interaction, America influences other countries in that it tries to implant its grow on others. For instance, the Chinese people crashed their traditional culture by trying to fix in the America culture. America is being viewed as a threat to the world because of its development in industrial, technical and scientific progress which translates into materialistic society by showing the American industrial power and material wealth. On the other hand, Americas role in the world has been viewed positively in that foreigners are urged to send their citizens to America so that they can learn advanced techniques, production process and scientific progress. They will subject area and adopt the best features of American society, a modern antiauthoritarian, progressive society in which people find work, security, shelter and satisfaction. This process of knowledge transfusion from a wealthier nation like the United States is necessary and fruitful for development of other countries of the world. In the Truman speech, America was concerned with economic status of Turkey and Greece. These countries saw America as the only country that could aid them from financia l instability. The U.S intervened in this situation with the aim of maintaining its political and economic hegemony and with the need to help countries that loved peace and promoted its democratic ideals. In addition, the U.S supported Greece and Turkey so that they could build internal order and peace. There was no other country that would help democratic Greek government. This reveals that the U.S has been given the role of supporting and maintaining freedom in vulnerable countries. In 1958, those people who opposed American ideologies pelt the then vice president of U.S

A Small Network Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A Small Network Design - Essay ExampleThe costs of the local area network founder alike been included by providence of possible prices for the devices. Requirements The company studys a local area network to ensure efficient and effective communication, administration of the branches and it users. The of import requirements here then are the devices to implement a local area network without concentrating on wide area network requirements. Some of the devices for a local area network include routers for communication between branches, switches for communication between devices in a LAN, cables to interconnect devices, connectors which ensure end to end connections between a cable and a device and of course office automation devices like servers e.g., file servers, mail servers and printers for storing and downloading files, for mail exchange and for installing printing software respectively. The company also get out require software for their customized uses the software qualifi cation be outsourced or in-house. The company also requires operational staff software e.g., word processing. Other devices, which the company is ought to halt includes telephony system such as using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and installing VoIP phones. VoIP is IP based and convergent, hardly use of opposite implementations like ISDN is possible. The company also requires mail servers e.g. ... The company wants a general LAN design, and it might also decide to include wireless LAN, which uses connectionless media for devices to communicate but not advisable because it is prone to network intrusion such as phishing and spoofing. Almost all computers come with connectors like RJ45 for Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) connection. The main cable type, which will be used, is Unshielded Twisted Pair which are used for LANs. It has several categories according to performance. For this company, the ideal one is Category 5e Ethernet (cat5e). It has a detonator and an outside shea th. Cat5e is an extension of category 5 which has extra features to minimize cross-talk and signal interference, its speed is 125Mbps unlike Cat5 which is 100Mps. Depending on the number of users and need for fast connectivity the company might opt to use Category 7 of UTP. This is also called SSTP (shielded screen twisted pair). It has a data rate of 600Mps. Computers The company requires computers to carry out all the alter work in the company and also to install software for communication. It needs desktop computers for basic office automation software like word processing, emailing and accessing the internet. For software, which require more memory and processing power such as design software and working on graphics, the company will require work stations. Laptops also can be used for both small office work and also large software, a Core i5 laptop can be as powerful as a work station and some can be termed as mobile workstations. Switches Switches are intelligent devices, unli ke repeaters and hubs and are fitted for computers in the LAN of the company to

The Roots of Koreas Deep Division Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Roots of Koreas Deep Division - Essay ExampleThe imperial occupation of Korea by japan from 1905-1945 sowed the seeds of future category and provided an incubator for rival factions to flourish and energize. afterward Japan was defeated and Korea liberated in 1945, Soviet-American agreements exploited the divisions that had sprung up during the previous decades. Fueled by old resentments, nationalistic movements, and cold war politics, the Soviet-American actions drove a wedge between North and South Korea, precipitated the Korean War, and erected a lasting wall dividing a country that 50 years earlier had been united.The seeds of division began to be sowed with the arrival of Japanese influence in the Korean peninsula. The 1876 treaty of Ganghwa between Japan and Korea was negotiated to open up shell out between the two nations. However, the technically disadvantaged and militarily weaker Korea succumbed to a treaty that greatly favored the Japanese. It limited Chinas relati vely innocuous influence, which setup Korea as a target for future imperialism. Russia, with imperialistic intentions, attempted to exert power over Korea during the 1890s. Japan and Russia, the biggest influences in Korea during this period, could not reach an agreement over the division of the spheres of influence. After negotiations broke down in 1904, Japan successfully defeated the Russians by initiating an attack on Russian ships harbored at Port Arthur (Cumings, 141). The agreement, negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt, was teeny-weeny more than a U.S. trade off with Japan in which the U.S. got the Philippines and Japan was rewarded with Korea. This would be the beginning of 40 years of imperial rule by Japan and sweeping social and political changes.After 1905 Japan enjoyed a great latitude of control over Korea. They had been successful in defeating the Chinese and the Russians and had the silent approbation of both the Americans and the British (Cumings, 142). This control began to reshape Korea and in doing so began to splinter the society. The beginnings of communism in Korea had their roots in the 1920s as rifts between the left and right began to manifest. Woodrow Wilsons assurances of self-determination had not been realized in Korea. On March 1, 1919, an uprising against the Japanese, demanding independence, resulted in a months long violent revolt. The suppression of the rebellion by Japanese authority left citizens divided with many turning to communist organizations for support. The division was split along left-right lines and mirrored the policies of Wilson and Lenin. The new policy of gradualism had resulted in a greater freedom of speech and encouraged the formation of several nationalistic, communist, and socialist groups. Occasionally these groups would be encouraged by the Japanese as a manner to, corral, co-opt, or simply moderate independence activist on left and right (Cumings, 156). By the end of the 1920s, the communist s were the main group leading the call for independence. fabianism appealed to many Koreans as Dae-sook Suh writes, The haggard appearance of the communists suffering from torture, their stern and disciplined attitude toward the common enemy of all Koreans, had a far reaching egress on the people (qtd. in Cumings, 158). The geographical proximity of China favored the communists in the north and the resistance groups that this created would later become

Evaluating the impact of international environmental laws on oil and Essay - 1

Evaluating the impact of international environmental laws on oil and gas - Essay ExampleGEP-Oil is under attack from environment conservation agencies on its oil exploratory methods.This has led to the firm abandoning oil exploratory activities by GEP-Oil which has been operating in the Russian northern hemisphere. Oil exploration in the northern hemisphere is exceedingly complicated and an extremely expensive investment and GEP-Oil had entered into partnerships with investors from out of state in order to be able to explore for oil militia in the arctic region. The effects of the attack by the environmental groups give mean that the firm cannot and will not be able to meet its obligations to its partners. On the different hand, GEP-Oil cannot ignore the issues that have been raised against it because it wants to be conformable to environmental protection practices and also wants good partnership and trust with the local community. This means that GEP-Oil essential shell outful ly and quickly address the authority to resume its oil exploration as soon as possible. Recommendation(s) GEP-Oil should be able to address the issue date involving the relevant stake holders in the process. This will mean that GEP-Oil will have to closely work with environmental groups in order to ensure that their issues and concerns are wellspring address. This will also mean that GEP-Oil will need to involve the local communities in order to also ensure that their concerns are also taken care of. By doing this, GEP-Oil will be able to overcome the challengers posed by the mail as well as mintage any risk of the situation happening again. 1. Background of the issue The issue of environmental degradation caused by the oil exploration is one that every oil exploration firm should be able to look at carefully. GEP-Oil has found itself in the midst of the issue and this threatens to interfere with the operations and the success of the firm. GEP-Oil has existence accused by envir onmental agencies of being careless in the way it carries out its exploratory activities. Because of this, GEP-Oil has been affected in the way it operates because it has stopped some of its operations in order to deal with the situation first. This scenario is threatening to kill the numerous employment opportunities that the firm affords the residents. GEP-Oil is also likely to lose its reputation because this has affected its ability to continue with its obligations which it owes its partners in business. On the other hand, GEP-Oil does not want to create the wrong impression within the community it operates and this has meant that the firm has to tread extremely carefully around the matter. In this paper, these issues are addressed in detail and alternatives to dealing with the situation are taken. 2. Impact of Oil/Gas Production on the Environment According to Mushkat (87) businesses are seen to promote environmental degradation by the very fact that they promote economic activ ity. The exploration and production of oil leads to a damage of the environment and this means that producers of oil will have to take necessary measures to mitigate the damage done to the environment. GEP-Oil will have to understand this in solving its current situation. There are a number of ways in which GEP-Oil can remedy the situation and convince environmental groups to accept that it needs to go on with oil production in the arctic region. One of this is sustainable development. As Beyerlin (2011, p. 84) says, sustainable development refers to the fact that natural resources should be exploited in a way that leaves no or little damage to the environment. This law is recognizant of the fact that exploitation of natural resources will have to be done in order for survival of human beings on the planet. This will be GEP-Oils biggest defence against the accusation. Oil is an immensely useful to the community and it is

Financial and economic comparison between Qatar and the United kingdom Research Paper

Financial and economic comparison amid Qatar and the United kingdom - Research Paper Example97,583,513,617 2,183,862,761,501 128,738,144,613 2,155,836,882,035 2010 127,322,413,671 2,256,260,000,000 113,782,317,847 2,194,805,447,471 2011 172,981,588,421 2,445,408,064,516 151,207,682,186 2,383,438,659,372 knock back 1 simile of Real GDP and Nominal GDP between Qatar and the UK Table 1 represents a comparison of titular and authentic GDP between Qatar and the UK for the categorys 2000 to 2011. The nominal GDP was used in the calculation of real GDP along with the GDP Deflator. (World Bank 2013a World Bank 2013b). According to Kumaranayake (2000) as general equipment casualty level increases price and cost information needs to be adjusted when making comparisons between different years. The formula used in the calculation of real GDP is stated as follows Real GDP = (Nominal GDP/(GDP Deflator + 100)) * 100 The Nominal GDP represents the GDP at current market price. It does not no minate into consideration the fact that inflation has impacted purchasing power in the different countries. In order to account for that the Nominal GDP is divided by the (GDP deflator + 100) and then multiplied by 100. Therefore, if the annual GDP deflator is 3% and the Nominal GDP is US$1,000,000 then it simply means that the purchasing power in the economy has been reduced by 3% to 97%. By dividing the Nominal GDP by 103 and multiplying by 100, the Real GDP at base year prices are calculated for the period. Table 2 shows the GDP deflator for Qatar and the UK which were used in the calculation of Real GDP. GDP Deflator/Inflation rate Year Qatar UK 2000 0.7 2001 -4.4 1.6 2002 3.1 2.3 2003 17.4 2.5 2004 11.4 2.6 2005 26.3 2.4 2006 18.5 2.9 2007 11.4 2.2 2008 22.8 3 2009 -24.2 1.3 2010 11.9 2.8 2011 14.4 2.6 Table 2 GDP Deflator for Qatar and UK 2000 to 2011 The GDP deflator for Qatar is greater than that for the UK. While Qatar shows double digits for all years except 2001 and 200 2 with 2001 being negative the UK had single digits for all the years. The GDP deflator for Qatar ranged from -24.2 for 2010 to 26.3 for 2005. The last(a) rate was 3.1% in 2002. The UK on the other hand ranged from 0.7% for 2000 and 2.8 in 2010. The differences in their corresponding GDP deflators explain the differences between the Nominal and Real GDP for two countries with Qatar showing greater differences than the UK. Part (b) The graph in Figure 1 shows the trends in nominal and real GDP for Qatar and the UK for the period 2000 to 2011. Figure 1 graphical record of Trends in Real and Nominal GDP Figure 1 shows the trends in both Nominal and Real GDP for the years 2000 to 2011. The graph shows mainly maintain increases in both variables for Qatar except between 2008 and 2009 when there was a decline in the Nominal GDP and from 2009 to 2010 when there was a decline the real GDP. The cause is that in 2009 the GDP deflator was a negative 24% and so the Real GDP was higher. The UK experienced a slight decline in both variables between 2000 and 2001. However, there was a steep increase between 2001 and 2004. The increase was moderate between 2004 and 2006 with a steep rise between 2006 and 2007. However between 2007 and

Disadvantages of examination- oriented education Essay

Disadvantages of examination- oriented pedagogy - Essay ExampleThis raises concern that the focus on examinations in the didactics system may be defeating the very purpose of education. Disadvantages of Examination-Oriented Education The most-often faced criticism of an education-oriented system is that the examinations become the focal point of all the educational activities that a student goes through quite of merely being the means to an end. This focus on students performance in examinations has consequences on the curricula and the manner in which the curricula are taught to the children. The curricula in examination oriented education systems has become very rigid and based on a set of text books that become the Bible for the students. (1). The emphasis is more than on imbibing this by the student by heart rather than understanding the subject matter. It will not be surprising that typo errors convert a chemistry textbook into a physics textbook and the physics examination taken by the student is actually a chemistry examination. Things have come to such a pass that neither the educational education, nor the teacher, nor the student would notice it, for the concentration will be on the marks received on the paper. This situation gets even more aggravated, when the education administrators develop the content of the textbooks that are beyond the grasping ability of the average student and the teachers fol subaltern a uniform teaching approach. Interest in studies is lost, motivation to learn is absent and many students end up being labeled as low achievers owing to the poor marks they receive in their examination (1). The list of other demerits if attempted to explain like this could run into pages. In brief the disadvantages of examination oriented systems include the negative influence it has on the teaching of certain subjects and topics, on teaching and learning and attitudes of teachers, parents and students and the neglect of more dynamic instru ctional methods. It leads to selective study habits in students and the possible development of undesirable attitudes of amassing certificates through any means. This attitude also gets transferred to some parents. It offers the possibility of malpractices by students and teachers and others through copying and the leakage of pre-set question papers, and the like. Examinations test only the cognitive abilities of children, and rationalise the affective and psychomotor domains of students. Students face stereo-typed questions allowing them to be selective in the study of topics in a subject to attain the level of marks desired. Higher objectives of education in the form of application, synthesis and analysis are ignored through the use of examinations and the sole deciding criterion of friendship and skills attainment levels. Scoring low in examinations carries with the possibility of being looked down upon in peer groups and in student and other social circles. (2). Possible Solu tions There are only twain possible solutions. The first is to do away with evaluation process in education, through which the examination system has crept. Leave it to the students to attain their desired level of competencies in subjects of their choice, based on what they intend to with their lives after their formal education. Teachers, parents and friends can act as counselors and motivational mentors in this exercise. In case they find them short of knowledge

Public sphere in Australia today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Public sphere in Australia today - Essay ExampleLower alternate starts at the 7th or 8th year and continue throughout the 10th year of education. The 7th during 9th years of education atomic frame 18 known as preparatory years. Towards the end of the 9th year, students may choose to abandon nurture or to continue to the 10th year. During the 10th year of education, students may abandon school with a School Leaving Certificate (SLC), in many situations provided by the individual school.Upper secondary consists of the 11th and 12th years of education. Instead of leaving school upon conclusion of the 10th grade, students may carry on for two extra years of education, upon conclusion of which students also get a SLC, provided by the school or by an external examining authority. Once attended almost exclusively by students going to university study, an increasing number of Australian students, irrespective of their plans for move study, are attaining the livelong 12-year term.While some time ago, professional and scholastic secondary schools were mostly distinct institutes, the majority public secondary schools in Australia at present are comprehensive high schools Such schools twist chopines both for university-bound students and for students who intend to do different jobs after leaving school or who will take up postsecondary technical or professional education. A number of public schools, on the other hand, maintain to offer only educational, college-introductory programs for students who are registered to the optional programs. Some advanced secondary schools offer agricultural or other education. Nearly all the students in Australia accomplish the 10th year of schooling and get a SLC. The number of students who carry on to the 12th year of education is about 71 % of all students all over the country in 1991. The majority of young students in Australia are registered in some kind of kindergarten program, although attendance is not obligatory. Nearly all states offer a pre-Year 1 program, and both the government and private agencies offer other pre-school activities for the two years before the commencement of Year 1.School Governance & Finance In each Australian state, the education system is exceedingly centralized. The Education Ministry and a Director-General of Education administer the educational system. Of late, nevertheless, there has been a growing tendency to decentralize several organizational functions from the state level towards the topical anaesthetic level. Governance The ministry of education exercises extensive power over schools all over the state. The states develop policies in the fields of schooling and teacher enrollment, teacher service, student registration, program content, course authorization and student appraisal. The education ministry hires and employs the teachers in government schools, construct buildings, equipment and materials, and grant subsidy for utilization by schools. Hence almost all

Occupational Risk Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Occupational Risk - Research Paper ExampleOne such substance that has accredited a lot of attention due to its significantly negative effect on human health this substance is asbestos. Creating applicable risk assessments to make the needed determinations to prevent the health risk involved with the presence of asbestos in our lives is a worthwhile one primarily because the side effects of extreme exposure is kinda harsh. Asbestos is a fibrous material that is naturally occurring on the planet. There be a few different colors, white and brown, and each asbestos fiber can be 700 clips smaller than the diameter of a human hair (Princeton University, 2012).It became very popular as a form of strong insolation, as well as, existence fire and chemical resistant, it was added to traditional construction of many buildings, facilities, and homes. There is likely asbestos used in fire-proofing spray, ceiling and floor tiles, siding shingles, ceiling textures, plasters, and most puttys, caulks, and cements. Buildings that were make after 1981 will likely contain less of this material as the health dangers were slowly becoming more and more verifiable. However, buildings constructed before 1981 likely has installed asbestos or products used that contained asbestos (Princeton University, 2012). Human beings can face extreme health dangers when exposed too often or for too long to asbestos fibers. The fibers enter the body by means of inhalation and lodge themselves in the pleura, the lining of the lungs, and may rest there for decades before contributing to serious health conditions, which include asbestosis, a restrictive lung disease, lung crabmeat, and mesothelioma, a very aggressive form of cancer that forms in the lining of lungs and chest (Princeton University, 2012). Most people who develop conditions due to asbestos exposure usually do non experience symptoms for, sometimes, decades after exposure occurred. Plants are, in most cases, unaffected by the nat urally occurring asbestos existing in the environment. However, certain types of roofing shingles, containing an asbestos and tar mixture, when they are vagabond can cause growth and developmental issues in plants that are exposed. Animals can, in fact, be affected negatively by exposure to asbestos, as well. In the unwarrantable the ratio for different wildlife may not be immediately calculable, but domestic animals are definitely at risk. Dogs, in particular, are sensitive to the cancer causing effects of asbestos exposure. However, their response is far more immediate than humans. Most dogs will show the cancerous outcome of their exposure statistically by the time they are 8-years-old, if not younger (Mesothelioma & Asbestos Awareness Center, 2010). The exposure ratios that have been determined for homes, of course, are determined by the content of asbestos that exists in your home and how often you are exposed to it. Older homes should be tested and repaired of any damage and the asbestos replaced with safer alternatives. Updating and renovating older homes, is, also, a fantastic way to eliminate at home issues with asbestos (Morgan, 2007). Because asbestos is a naturally occurring material human beings can have limited and non-harmful interaction with the material. It is when the fibers begin to break away and become airborne. Once they

Deconstruction of Business Ethics To Enhance Morality and Justice Research Paper

Deconstruction of Business Ethics To Enhance Morality and Justice - Research Paper ExampleThis brings us to organization theory, which Derek Pugh (1970) defines as the study of the structure, functions, and performance of groups and the behavior of individuals within them. Through the years, organization theory has expanded its dimensions to be animated by such issues as aesthetics, anti-capitalism, autonomy, identity, fashion and feminism, favorite culture, resistance, representation and information, sexuality, social movements, etc. The word organization may thus involve diverse entities, from corporations and states to the village fairs and tennis clubs. Organizations are in effect the more or less rational answer to the egotistical human nature. Through the organization, modern society benefits from rational laws and ethical codes that it engenders.Such a concept or organization, however, has been perverted in places and circumstances where people are reduced to human status to become tramps, refugees, migrants, sub-proletarians and political inmates. Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben, as cited in Jones, C. (1966) says in these cases, the concepts of the social sciences, from law to anthropology, must be radically altered to prevent an urgent catastrophe. How does the organization theory fit in with the war on terrorism, preemptive wars in the Middle East, Guantanamo Bay, among others? This is the ground why business organizations worldwide are being asked to finance the American political and military hegemony, and why the US is so keen on trade its own version of democracy. What of the attitudes of the new-style managers toward the interests of their employees Allen, F. (1965) warns Speeches and pronouncements by a corporation head

Ancient Greek Ceramics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ancient Greek Cearned run averagemics - Essay ExampleThe laurels in the so-called marine style, has the dynamic vitality typical of Minoan art. The popularity of the octopus as a decorative motif on Minoan ware can hardly be divorced from the role of the octopus in the Minoan diet and economy. But did it have another purpose Octopus are traditionally caught by lowering a ceramic vessel into the water system which the octopus is likely to enter and remain in as a safe lair (Bush and Brewer). Although this jar has too narrow a neck for that purpose, adept wonders if the motif did not originate on jars made for just such fishing, the image perhaps as a sort of magic charm.In the Mycenaean period between about 1450 and 1100 BC, the Minoan world came to be dominated by Greek speaking invaders who, however, did not make major changes in the smart set of Greece as reflected in its physical remains. The pottery of mainland Greece in this period is generally called by archaeologists late H elladic III. Many Mycenaean ceramic pieces imitate the style of Minoan pottery, though usually with an inferior and derivative execution. Others, such as the chariot krater (vessel for mixing wine and water) now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in newly York (), have much more in common with later geometric vases and show the beginning of that tradition. This piece, though manufactured in the Argolid (i.e. near Tiryns, Mycenae, Argos, or Corinth) was notice in a tomb in Cyrus. It uses a light color of clay marked with a dark brown slip. The rendering in comparatively crude but shows a definite figurative scene of two chariots being driven (the context, such as a race, or in combat, or just a pairing for symmetry, cannot be determined). But elements like spots used to decorate the figures clothing, as well as the ox skin that covers the body of the chariot, and the crosshatching on the horses harness, is becoming abstract. Moreover, a great deal of the otherwise empty surface of the case is taken up with geometric designs completely unrelated to the hardheaded depiction of space and beginning to serve as abstract geometric representation.In the Geometric period between about 1100 and 800 BC, Greek culture was break up by further waves of invaders and every urban center in Greece was destroyed by warfare. Greek culture became illiterate and isolated both from the larger Mediterranean world and within itself as trade and contact between isolated settlements declined. The period is called Geometric because of the abstract, regular character of its decorative arts. No exception among thework of this era is the terracotta centaur from Lekfandi on Euboea (Thomas 1999, 99-100). It shares the geometric decorations of contemporary ceramic vessels. At 36 centimeters high, this is the largest surviving Geometric sculpture. From the point of view of sculpture, the execution is somewhat cartoonish, which features that suggest rather than re-create the proportions of the human face and equine body. The painted decoration departs from that of both earlier and later Greek polychroming of sculpture as well as pottery decoration in not relating in any discernable way to features like the musculature or hair of the centaur (certainly not any form of clothing), but in showing abstract patterning that is meant to add to the decorative value of the piece rather than realistically

Investment banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Investment banking - Essay ExampleThey reflect the earnings that the target will generate in future (Rosenbaum & Pearl, 2013 389).Fourthly, there atomic number 18 synergies. These are the resulting combined effect which is often greater than the sum of the organizations individual effects. It is the increased effectiveness resulting when the two organization work together. kempt synergies usually help in offsetting the financial convention thereby resulting in accretive acquisitions. The fifth key driver is form of financing that is adopted and approximately notably, it entails the debt and equity mix (Rosenbaum & Pearl, 2013 389). It represents the proportion of debt and equity. And finally, there is cost of debt which is normally the cost of borrowing funds by the organization.The LBO analysis often has a number of base functions. First it for the most part gives a floor or benchmark valuation for the organization, and is helpful in figuring out what a financial stag is able t o afford to pay for the target and still stand a chance of realizing a satisfactory or adequate profit for its venture or investment. The second primary function of LBO (leveraged buyouts) analysis is to give companies an opportunity of making large acquisition of other ventures without necessarily having to commit a substantial measuring rod of capital. This helps companies to easily acquire the target (Rosenbaum & Pearl, 2013).The other primary function of LBO analysis is the determination of financing structure for the target. LBO analysis help organization is determining the kernel of capital, the type of capital as well as the terms of debt or equity for the target. This therefore facilitates the process of acquisition of the target. On the other hand, LBO analysis assists in mergers and acquisition (M&A) advisory. This primary function aids in determining an implied range of valuation for any given target in the acquisition process. The LBO analysis is utilise to determine valuation with the help of key value drivers

Stereotypes in the Media Essay Example for Free

Stereotypes in the Media EssayAbstract The aim of this research is aimed to comp ar the frequency of stereotypes between distinguishable genres of prime time television shows. 36 Year 11 students were enrolled to record the number of stereotypes they saw portrayed in televised media. The results were collated to compare how many stereotypes appeared in the genres. Results indicated that News portrayed the most stereotypes, followed by funniness, thence by drama. Results interpreted showed news stereotypes are considered more than socially unexceptionable, whereas comedy stereotypes can be viewed as offensive and non suitable for children. Drama was genuinely similar to comedy.Stereotypes and their Pervasiveness in the Media The media these days is littered with stereotypes. These stereotypes portray a multitude of different categories, such as age, race, religion, sex and sexuality, mostly in a veto light. The aged, for example, have bad hearing Muslims are all violent an d suicidal and the French have a snobbish attitude, love for frogs legs, and a hate for the English. small-arm stereotypes tend to have a grain of truth within them (the French really do hate the English), they tend to overlook the differences between individuals, making them in like manner generalised and unreliable.Despite this inaccuracy, the media still does this often. While stereotypes are used in comedy for the lulz, they are deliberately used in this manner, unlike in definite news and current affairs shows, where it is used out of ignorance and efficiency. Because of the way media has stereotyped minorities, society has absorbed this into everyday use and many find it socially acceptable to use offensive stereotypes in everyday conversations. While comedy shows are not trying to offend and proliferate stereotypes, they in fact cause more harm than news and current affairs programs.The Simpsons, a television show known well for its satirical voice and comedic social comme ntary, is scattered with stereotypes, many of immigrants. Apu, an Indian convenience store owner who appears often in the show, is stingy and has a recognisably Indian accent and prays to his Hindu god, Ganesh. This inaccurate portrayal of Indian immigrants is perceived to be humourous by the public, but they are likely to apply these stereotypes to real people if their misconceptions are not corrected.This research aimed to compare the frequency of stereotypes between different genres of prime time television shows. The genres compared were comedy, drama and news. The hypothesis is that comedy will have the most stereotypes, followed by news, then by drama. Method Participants The participants in this investigating were 36 fifteen to sixteen year olds in year 11 of high school. The students were all academically selective and were mostly Caucasian. The participants chosen were all psychological science students, taught by the same teacher.Parents had given permission to participat e in this research and signed a permission slip for students to envision at least 3 prime time television shows within two weeks, one to be news or current affairs, the other two being of their choice. Apparatus A log sheet was given (see appendix A) to record the amount of time watching television, and the number of stereotypes noticed. Televisions were to be provided by the participants. So were pens. Procedure The 36 participants were instructed to watch television between the hours of 5 and 10pm.While watching television, they were to record the number of times they saw a stereotype being portrayed and comment on what was being portrayed. This took place over two weeks, after which the results were collated and analysed. Results The results are shown in chart form in Appendix B and C. Once the results were graphed there was not much of a difference between the genres. The data in the graph is collected from a number of participants log sheets. 30 people watched news, 21 watched comedy, and 19 watched dramas.The graph didnt show a single genre to contain significantly more stereotypes. pic The graph above shows that there seems to be less of a gap between different stereotypes in comedy, while news has more stereotypes of age and less of religion. Drama has less stereotypes than the others, even when the lack of viewers is factored in. flow and gender are the stereotypes most portrayed by television. Discussion The data partially supports the hypothesis. Despite drama being the genre of television with the least stereotypes, comedy came second to news.News portrayed a mount more stereotypes of age. This is probably a result of violent attacks on old people in their homes. The least portrayed were sexuality, most likely a result of complaints of sexually explicit material being aired. The results do show a large amount of stereotypes are present in television shows. The stereotyping has a tendency to make things quicker and less time-consuming. After all, how is it possible to list all the political, social, economic, ideological and theological differences of a population of about 6 billion?The accuracy of this investigation is to be questioned. While it is possible to rely on this data, it is not going to be only accurate and it may not demonstrate the true amount of stereotyping done on television. If, for example, all the news shos watched were from the same network, this would affect the results. Other networks may be more biased or even more impartial. The lack of regulation of the programs and networks would have had some effect on the accuracy of the results. Also, the method of recording the stereotypes talent also affect the results.With a very vague system, it is impossible to be exact on what stereotypes are displayed, and whether they are a simple comment on turbans, or a full-fledged attack on the habits of old people. Very little research has been done into the number of stereotypes portrayed on television, as confl icting to countless studies into the harmfulness of these stereotypes on impressionable children and even adults. The research shows that there are a lot of stereotypes on television, at least 5 or 6 per program.This research is part of understanding how television networks design their shows, and how stereotypes are used as they are instrumental to making changes to unfair depiction of minorities in the media. If the stereotypes are deemed inappropriate then it would be unlikely to make things any better when it comes to international relations and even domestic relations. There has been a lot of rage aimed at the Australians who assaulted two Indian students in Sydney. The acts of violence against minorities have escalated recently. Further research may venture into stereotyping of specific minorities, to examine the details of stereotyping.

How groups can influence people Essay Example for Free

How groups can check people EssayIn this essay, I am going to describe how groups can invite people in a positive and in a negative ways. I will be using evidence drawn from Chapter 5 of the watch text Starting with psychology Spoors et al (2011). It is in a human nature to be a part of a sociable group. Belonging to a group, such as family, clubs, sport teams or group of fri breaks, give us support, it make us smell out good about ourselves, give us a sense of social identity. It brings meaning to our life, it make us feel like we belong. However, being a part of a group can also live a negative effect. Group pressure can cause us to behave in a way that we will not normally do. To support my argument I will use as an drill evidence from Kondos story and as well Zimbardo and Asch proves (Spoors et al 2011). In our lifetime, we belong to many an(prenominal) different social groups. Our social identity is based on the group we belong to, we enhance the status of our gro up in order to increase our self-image.We drainage basin the world into people like us, who belong to our group, called the in-group, and those one who are different them, the out-group (Spoors et al 2011). Two psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner developed that theory. The theory argues that there are three mental processes involved in evaluating others as them and us the first one is a social categorisation. We categorize other people and ourselves in order to understand and identify them. The second process is a social identification. When we know which group we belong to, we start behaving by the norms of our group. The last process is social comparison. After we categorize ourselves with a group, we start to compare our group with other groups. To maintain our self-esteem we will compare our group favourably with other groups. An look into carried out by Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues (1971) Spoors et al (2011) provides evidence how people behaviour can change when they become a part of a group.They choose randomly a group of male participants and divide them into guards and prisoners and then located them in a simulated prison. After six days, the experiment had to be stopped, as the guards became brutal and shameful towards prisoners, and the prisoners begun suffering from emotional disturbance. This experiment shows how the previous perceptions that the participants have of the role of a prisonguards and prisoners, that probably came from watching films and television programs, influenced them to behave in a negative way. Another example of how groups can influence our behaviour is experiment carried out by Solomon Asch (Spoors et al 2011). He asked fifty participants to look at the picture of a straight line, and then showed them another picture with a three more lines of different lengths. Then he asked the participants to identify out loud the line that is the selfsame(prenominal) length as the original one.Surprisingly 75 per cent of the group give a wrong answer, which was a result of a group pressure. nation have the need for conformity that is why they go along with the norms of the groups. They want to be accepted as an in-group person. Conforming to group norms is sending a pass along to the other members of the group that I am not a thread, I am same like you, and I am following our rules. Asches experiment showed that the need for conformity pressured participants to give a wrong answer to a question they just simply followed the rest of the group. An example of how group can influence us on a positive way is Kondos story in Spoors et al (2011). Dorinne Kondo is a Nipponese American, raised in the USA. She went to Japan to do an anthropological research. She stays there for 26 months, a few months she stays with a Japanese family to learn how proper Japanese women supposed to behave and fork out herself. At the same time, she was acting as a scientific observer.That is a method of research called par ticipant-observation, where the researcher is both an observer and a participant (Spoors et al 2011). The first few months in Japan were very stressful for Knodo she did not understand the etiquette and traditions that are part of their everyday life. Every time she made a mistake, people trait her like she was retarded or insane. They were confused, as she looked like a Japanese women but she did not act in a Japanese manner. During her visit in Japan, her guarantor introduced her to Mrs Sakamoto who invited her to stay with her family for summer. It was a great opportunity for Kondo to learn about the traditions. During her visit she was trying to conform to their way of life, she wanted to feel their acceptance, so she start learning about her Japanese roots and proper etiquette, she took a part in a tea ceremony class.At the end of her visit in Japan, she was pleased with herself and all she have learned during her visit. She did not struggle any more to fit in both cultures, th e approval of Sakamotos family had a good influence on her, it makes her feellike she belong to their world. Kondos story demonstrates that in our lifetime we have multiple social identities, which dwell to evolve as we grow older or when we move into new situations Spoors et al (2011).In those few examples, I was exploring how groups can influence people in a positive and negative ways. Positively, by providing us a sense of belonging to the social world and bringing meaning to our life, as shown on an example of Kondos story, and negatively by pressuring us to conform and act out of character, what confirm an Zimbardos and Asches experiments.

Principles and Practices of Management Essay Example for Free

Principles and Practices of anxiety EssayPlanning is the determination of the course of the objectives of a business, division or changement to achieve maximum profit effectiveness, the proof of policies and the continuous seeking and finding of new ways to do things. Implementing applies to the doing phases. After plans have been prep atomic number 18d, violence must be selected and assigned their descents they must be teach and motivated to perform properly. Activities must be implemented in terms of the plans initially developed. This may include I. Selecting personnelII. Training personnelIII. Motivating personnelIV. Delegation,V. DirectionVI. Coordinating.Controlling refers to the evaluation of the performance of those who are responsible for executing the plans agreed upon. This may include I. Controlling adherence to plans, andII. Appraising performance2. Principles of ManagementFayol has given fourteen principles of management. These principles are as fallows 1. Divis ion of workFayol has advocated division of work to take the advantage of specialization. According to him, specialization belongs to the natural order. The worker constantly works on the same matters, the manager concerned always with the same matters acquire an ability, sureness, and accuracy, which increase their output. Each change of work brings in it study and adaptation, which reduces output. Thus, division of work can be applied at all levels in the organization. However, he has recognized the limitations of division of work and has advocated that experience and sense of correspondence will decide the extent to which division of work can be utilized fruitfully.2. Authority and ResponsibilityThe assurance and responsibility are related, with the latter the corollary of the agent and arising from the former. He finds authority as a continuation of official and personnel factors. Official authority is derived from the managers gravel and personal authority is derived from intelligence, experience, example worth, past services, etc. Responsibility arises out of assigning the work.3. DisciplineAll the personnel serving in the organization should be disciplined. Discipline is obedience, application, energy, behavior, and outward trail of respect shown by employees. Discipline can be classified into two types self-imposed discipline and command discipline. The former springs form within the individual and are in the nature of spontaneous response to a skillful leader. Command discipline stems from a recognized authority and utilizes deterrents to secure compliance with a want action, which is expressed by established customs, rules, and regulations. The ultimate strength of command discipline lies in its certainty of application.4. accord of commandUnity of command means a person in the organization should receive ordersfrom only one superior. The more completely an individual has a reporting relationship to a single superior, the little the problem of conflict in instructions and the greater the feeling of personal responsibility for results. The principle of unity of command Is useful in the clarification of authority-responsibility relationship.5. Unity of DirectionUnity of direction means one unit and one plan. According to this principle, each group of activities with same objectives with same objective must have one head and one plan. The unity of direction is different from unity of command in the sense that former is concerned with the functioning of trunk corporate the latter is concerned with personnel at all level. Unity of direction is provided for by sound organization of the form corporate, unity of command ecstasy on the functioning of the personnel. Unity of command exists without unity of direction, but does non flow from it.6. Subordination of individual to prevalent interestCommand interest is preceding(prenominal) the individual interest and when there is conflict between these two, the common interes t must prevail. However, factors like ambition, laziness, weakness etc. tend to reduce the importance of general interest.7. Remuneration of PersonnelRemuneration and methods of payment should be fair and provide maximum possible satisfaction to employees and employers.8. CentralizationEverything, which goes to increase the importance of the subordinates role, is decentralization everything, which goes to reduce it, is centralization. Without using the term centralization of authority. This pattern is determined by individual circumstances and should be based on optimal utilization of all faculties of the personnel.9. Scalar ChainThere should be a scalar chain of authority and communication ranging fromthe highest to lowest positions. It suggests that each communication leaving up or coming down must flow through each position in the line of authority. It can be short-circuited only in special circumstances when its rigid following would be determined to the organization. For this purpose, Fayol has suggested gang palnk , which is used to prevent the scalar chain from bogging down action.10. OrderBoth visible order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes lost time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection.11. EquityIn ladder a business a combination of kindliness and justice is required. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity.12. Stability of Tenure of PersonnelEmployees work better if job security and career progress are assured to them. An insecure tenure and a high rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely.13. opening moveAllowing all personnel to show their initiative in many way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well pertain a sacrifice of personnel vanity on the part of many managers.14. Espirt de CorpsManagement must foster the morale of its employees. Real talent is needed the coordinate effort, encourage keenness , use each persons abilities and reward each ones merit without arousing possible jealousness and disturbing harmonious relations.Techniques of Effective CoordinationThe basic objective of all managerial functions is to get things done by coordinated efforts of others. Thus, every function leads to coordination.However, following are the specific techniques for achieving coordination Coordination by Chain of CommandIn an organization, the chain of command is the most important methods of coordination. Superior, because of his organizational position, has the authority to issue orders and instructions to his subordinates. Weber has indicated that in a controlled ecesis coordination is achieved. Coordination by LeadershipLeadership brings individual motivation and persuades the group to have identified of interests and outlook in group efforts. Ordway Tead has stated that top management should coif leadership because without it, no coordination can be achieved. In fact, whatever is necessary for effective leadership is also required for coordination. Coordination by Effective discourseCommunication helps to developing understanding between individuals or groups among whom coordination is to be achieved. Through communication, every person understands his scope and limits of functioning, authority and responsibility, and relationship with others. Thus, effective communication provides horizontal as well as vertical coordination if there is abandon and adequate flow of communication in all directions.-horizontal, vertical, upward and downward. Communication to be effective does not require only a communication network but to keep the network free from any barrier, which effects flow of messages adversely. Coordination by CommitteesCommittees are the body of persons entrusted with discharging some functions collectively as group. Some committees have the authority to take decisions and others make recommendations only. The decisions of the committees are group decisions and the persons whose departments are alter by decisions generally stage the committees. Thus the decisions themselves provide coordination among various functions of the organization. Coordination by General StaffGenerally, in big organizations there is general staff meant forcoordination. This staff employs a central position in communication network. All the heads of departments and sections send the various training to this center. This center stores the information and sends to various departments only relevant and related information. This center, because of its specialized knowledge, is able to prize the relevance and need of various information for a department. Thus, the coordination is achieved by supplying inter-departmental information. Special CoordinatorsIn some organizations, special coordinators are appointed for coordinating some special activities. For example, in a cross project, along with various functionaries, a project coordinator is appointed. His basic function is to coordinate various activities of the project and to keep information about the development of project so that he can provide it to the party concerned for which the project Is being completed. Such projects are generally taken on contract basis which are to be completed within the specified time. Self-coordinationThis principles states that a particular department affects other departments and in turn is affected by them. However, this department has no control over others. In such a case, if other departments modify their actions in such a way that this affects the particular department favorably, self-coordination is achieved. This requires effective communication across the department so that they are able to appreciate the functioning of related departments. However, this method is not free from limitations and shortcomings, and in the organization, favorable climate and environment need to be created for self-control.Features of an Open Door Organizati on1) An open door organization is task oriented. The accountability is clearly defined. 2) The authority (within the related functional area) is also absolute (or nearly so) matching the absolute character of the accountability. 3) Consultations are minimum and are not compulsive the executive is free to consult and communicate (or otherwise) so long as he performs and delivers the objective. 4) Rules and procedures exist but only as guides-the executives (within their sphere of responsibilities)having wide freedom of discretion to depart from the rules within the periphery of the broad corporate policies. 5) The accountability is clear-cut objective is verifiable in terms of cost, output target, time and profit. The means are (relatively) empty so long as the end is achieved. 6) The managerial behavior is highly flexible bending with lithe suppleness to the internal shifts in conditions and external maneuvers of the environmental zone of contract.